Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Sch.Bip.

Matricaire inodore (fr), Tripleurosperme inodore (fr), Matricaire perforée (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Tripleurospermum

Characteristics

Almost scentless, annual or biennial herb sometimes regrowing from old rootstock. Stems erect or ascending, 15-100 cm tall, ribbed, usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely hairy, branched only above to form infl. or sometimes also much-branched from base. Basal and lower cauline lvs appearing shortly petiolate, but usually with very reduced leaflets along sheath, usually narrow-obovate, sometimes ovate, glabrous, mostly 3-pinnatisect, 15-150 × 10-60 mm; ultimate segments filiform, entire, not all in one plane giving a feathery appearance; cauline lvs similar to basal, but apetiolate and above becoming smaller and with fewer segments. Corymb diffuse, of few to many capitula. Involucral bracts glabrous or with a few scattered hairs, 4-7 mm long; margins pale or dark brown, membranous. Capitula c. 30-50 mm diam.; ray florets 12-numerous; ligules white; disc florets numerous, yellow. Achenes 1.7-2.5 mm long, brown, narrow-obpyramidal to cylindric; inner surface with 3 thick ribs; outer surface rugose, with 2, ± globose or slightly elongated glands at apex; corona crenulate, c. 0.1 mm long.
More
Herbs, annual or biennial; stems 30-70 cm tall, erect, striate, glabrous, corymbosely branched in upper 1/2. Middle stem leaves sessile; leaf blade ovate-oblong or oblong, 2-4 × 1-2.5 cm, both surfaces glabrous, 2-pinnatisect; ultimate segments narrowly linear. Distal stem leaves similar, gradually smaller. Capitula several to many, in an apical corymb, 2-3 cm in diam., pedunculate. Involucres hemispheric, 7-10 mm in diam.; phyllaries in 3 or 4 rows, margin narrowly white scarious, outer ones lanceolate, middle and inner ones oblong to oblanceolate. Ray florets white; lamina ca. 1 cm. Disk florets yellow, 5-lobed; lobes each with a resin sac. Achenes brown, triquetrous, ca. 2 mm, wrinkled, with 1 adaxial and 2 lateral thick whitish ribs, abaxially and apically with 2 distinct resin sacs. Corona short, subentire. Fl. and fr. Sep. 2n = 36.
Annuals (sometimes biennials or perennials), (5–)30–60(–80) cm. Stems 1, ascending to erect, usually branched distally, sometimes proximally, glabrous or glabrate (sparsely hairy when young). Leaf blades 2–8 cm, ultimate lobes filiform, 4–20 mm, not fleshy, apices apiculate. Heads (1–)10–200+, 3–4.5 cm diam., in corymbiform arrays of solitary heads at ends of branches. Phyllaries centrally dark greenish or brownish, oblong, subequal, scarious margins colorless to light brown, 0.1–0.2 mm wide. Ray florets 10–25; corollas (4–)10–13(–20) mm. Disc corollas 1–2.5 mm. Cypselae pale brown, ribs separated by 1/3+ their widths, abaxial-apical resin glands ± circular, faces minutely roughened between ribs. 2n = 18, 36.
A herb. It usually grows fresh from seed each year. It grows 30-60 cm tall. There is 1 stem that often branches towards the ends. The leaves are 2-8 cm long. The end lobes are narrow. There are 10-200 flowers in a head 3-4.5 cm across. The leaf-like structures under the flowers are dark green to brown.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.1
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-10

Usage

The flowers are eaten as a snack.
Uses environmental use medicinal
Edible flowers
Therapeutic use Tumor (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Tripleurospermum inodorum habit picture by selber pflanzen (cc-by-sa)
Tripleurospermum inodorum habit picture by Max Las (cc-by-sa)
Tripleurospermum inodorum habit picture by Isabelle Stavropoulos (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Tripleurospermum inodorum leaf picture by selber pflanzen (cc-by-sa)
Tripleurospermum inodorum leaf picture by Peter V (cc-by-sa)
Tripleurospermum inodorum leaf picture by Lorenzoo (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Tripleurospermum inodorum flower picture by selber pflanzen (cc-by-sa)
Tripleurospermum inodorum flower picture by Alain Haye (cc-by-sa)
Tripleurospermum inodorum flower picture by Hansjörg Hagels (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Tripleurospermum inodorum fruit picture by Marc Joly (cc-by-sa)
Tripleurospermum inodorum fruit picture by Pierre LEON (cc-by-sa)
Tripleurospermum inodorum fruit picture by Giovanni Leonardi (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Tripleurospermum inodorum world distribution map, present in Albania, Andorra, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belarus, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Canada, Switzerland, Chile, China, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Estonia, Finland, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Georgia, Guadeloupe, Greece, Greenland, Guatemala, Honduras, Croatia, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, Morocco, Moldova (Republic of), Mexico, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Nicaragua, Netherlands, Norway, New Zealand, Poland, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, El Salvador, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Tajikistan, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay, United States of America, Uzbekistan, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:256500-1
WFO ID wfo-0000014118
COL ID 58YGZ
BDTFX ID 69569
INPN ID 127613
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Matricaria perforata Chamomilla inodora Tripleurospermum perforatum Dibothrospermum agreste Tripleurospermum inodorum Trallesia matricarioides Matricaria pumila Pyrethrum elegans Matricaria elegans Matricaria inodora Chamomilla praecox Chrysanthemum inodorum Tripleurospermum praecox Pyrethrum inodorum Matricaria maritima Matricaria suaveolens Matricaria salina Camomilla inodora Tripleurospermum perforatum Matricaria inodora f. inodora Matricaria suaveolens f. suaveolens Tripleurospermum bienne Gastrostylum praecox Chamaemelum inodorum Dibothrospermum pusillum Matricaria maritima subsp. inodora Pyrethrum inodorum var. inodorum Chamaemelum inodorum var. inodorum Matricaria maritima subsp. inodora Matricaria maritima var. agrestis Tripleurospermum maritimum var. pusillum Matricaria inodora var. agrestis Tripleurospermum maritimum var. agreste Matricaria maritima var. inodora Tripleurospermum maritimum subsp. inodorum Matricaria inodora var. pusilla Matricaria inodora f. biennis Matricaria inodora f. agrestis Chrysanthemum maritimum var. inodorum Chrysanthemum maritimum var. agreste