Uapaca nitida Müll.Arg.

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Phyllanthaceae > Uapaca

Characteristics

Leaf blades 4–16 × 1.5–8 cm, elliptic-oblong to elliptic-oblanceolate (narrowly elliptic in var. longifolia), rounded or obtuse, sometimes subacute (attenuate in var. longifolia) at the apex, cuneate or attenuate at the base, thickly chartaceous, shiny dark green above, paler and duller beneath; lateral nerves in 8–12 pairs, usually with conspicuous interstitials alternating with them, brochidodromous, scarcely prominent, tertiary nerves weakly reticulate.
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A small glabrous evergreen tree up to 12 m high, usually much less, branching from c. 0.5 m above the base; crown open rounded; bole usually less than 1 m in diameter, ± irregular; bark smooth at first, or flaking, later rough, grey, dark brown or black, deeply quadrately fissured to show reddish underbark, and exuding a gummy red “varnish”; young twigs fairly slender.
A small to medium sized tree. It grows to 10 m high. The bark is dark grey, rough and cracked. The leaves are narrowly oval and 5-16 cm long by 1.5-4.5 cm wide. They are shiny green above. The flowers are creamy-green and small. The fruit are oval and 2 cm long. They have 12 faint ribs. The fruit are red when ripe. The fruit are edible.
Male flowers with a sweet, musky scent; calyx c. 1 mm long, obconic, 5-lobed, the lobes irregularly lobulate, glabrous or pubescent, white; stamens 4–5, filaments 1.5 mm long, creamy-white, anthers 0.7 mm long, pale yellow; pistillode 1 mm high, infundibuliform, irregularly lobed, pubescent without, glabrous within.
Female flower: calyx 4 mm in diameter, shallowly cupular, 6-lobed, the lobes truncate; staminodes rarely present; ovary 5 × 4 mm, ovoid-subglobose, 3-locular; styles 3, 4–5 mm long, flabelliform, laciniate, flattened, adaxially minutely granulate, abaxially smooth, ochreous.
Fruits 1.6–2 × 1.4–1.5 cm when fresh (1.4–1.6 × 1–1.3 cm when dried), ovoid-ellipsoid, shallowly longitudinally 12-ribbed, pale green at first, later becoming reddish-green or brownish. Pyrenes 3, 1–1.5 cm × 7–9 mm, carinate, apiculate, the lateral lobes smooth, entire.
Male peduncles 0.7–1.5(2) cm long; inflorescence bracts 7–10, 5–10 × 3–7 mm, elliptic-obovate, rounded, yellow-green, cream-coloured or whitish; head c. 5 mm in diameter.
Stipules c. 1 mm long, triangular, soon falling, or not developed.
Leaves long-petiolate, the petioles (1)1.5–6 cm long.
Inflorescences usually borne among the leaves.
Female peduncles and bracts ± as in the male.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 10.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It occurs at low altitude. It grows on swampy soil that does not become flooded. It grows between 40-1,830 m above sea level. It can grow in arid places. It grows in miombo woodland.
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A typical tree of the miombo woodlands of Tanzania, which are dominated by Brachystegia, and the associated wooded grasslands, at elevations from 300-1,600 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The ripe fruit are eaten raw. A juice drink is made by squeezing the fruit in water.
Uses charcoal environmental use food fuel gene source material medicinal wood
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from fresh seeds.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Uapaca nitida world distribution map, present in Angola, Burkina Faso, Kenya, Mozambique, Tanzania, United Republic of, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Uapaca nitida threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:358154-1
WFO ID wfo-0000329074
COL ID 7DBWR
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Uapaca nitida f. aucta Uapaca nitida f. longifolia Uapaca nitida Uapaca similis Uapaca microphylla var. hendrickxii Uapaca nitida var. longifolia Uapaca nitida var. mulengo Uapaca nitida var. nitida Uapaca nitida var. nsambi Uapaca nitida var. sokolobe Uapaca nitida var. suffrutescens Uapaca nitida f. bianoensis Uapaca nitida f. latiuscula Uapaca nitida f. scalarinervosa Uapaca microphylla