Urtica incisa Poir.

Ortie (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Urticaceae > Urtica

Characteristics

Monoecious or dioecious perennial herb to 1.5 (–2) m high; leaves and stems (except for very young tips) glabrous or nearly so between scattered stinging hairs. Leaves: lamina triangular to ovate (–broadly ovate), lanceolate or ± oblong, regularly broadly dentate to incised, acute to acuminate or caudate apex, cuneate, truncate or cordate at base, (3.5–) 5–15 cm long, (1–) 3–6 (–8) cm wide, discolorous; lateral veins 4 or 5 pairs, 2 pairs from base, prominent, extending ⅔ the lamina length, the others short, near lamina apex; petiole (1–) 4–7 cm long, shorter to longer than lamina (usually more than half as long as lamina); stipules 5–15 mm long [2–4 mm, Entwisle (1996)]. Inflorescences often paired, paniculate, unisexual, longer than petiole; male inflorescences sparsely branched, reduced to interrupted spikes. Flowers pedicellate, c. 1.5 mm long, c. 1 mm wide, glabrous. Male flowers: pistillode small. Female flowers: ovary ovoid. Achenes ovoid, smooth, c. 2 mm long.
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Monoec. herb with rather slender stems, simple to much-branched, up to 6 dm. tall, sparsely clad in stinging hairs. Lvs 2-5 × 2-5 cm., on petioles up to 7 cm. long, rather closely to sparsely clad in stinging hairs; lamina thin, ovate to broad-ovate to deltoid, glab. except for a few stinging hairs, truncate to subcordate at base, coarsely serrate-dentate, sts incised; teeth acute to apiculate, 4-mm. or more long, sinus obtuse to acute. Stipules up to 1 cm. long, us. entire. Spikes up to 2 cm. or more long, solitary or paired, either with ♂ above, ♀ below, or bearing one sex only; per. glab. or nearly so. Achenes 1-1·5 mm. long, pale brown.
A herb which keeps growing from year to year. It has slender stems which are often woody. They lie along the ground near the base then extend upwards. They grow 1 m high. The leaves are narrow and thin. There are teeth along the edge. The leaves are 5-15 cm long and armed with stinging hairs. The flowers are small. They are clustered on short stalks from the leaf bases. Male and female flowers are on separate plants. The seeds are light purple in colour.
Slender, erect or decumbent, monoecious herb, sparsely to moderately clothed in very shortly stalked stinging hairs, otherwise sparsely hairy or ± glabrous. Lvs ovate to deltoid, acute to acuminate, truncate at base, coarsely serrate to dentate, 4-10-(12) cm long. Stipules 4 per node, entire. Most racemes unisexual; ♀ racemes above ♂ on the stem.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination anemogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.8
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Frequent in wet, cool and often shady places, especially near watercourses and in wet highland areas in warmer latitudes; found in rainforest (usually on margins and in clearings), eucalypt woodland and wet open forest, fern gullies, scrub, riparian vegetation, wetlands, sedgeland, grassy areas; sometimes a weed in disturbed sites.
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It is a temperate plant. It grows mainly on limy soils in shady places. It does best in a moist situations and often grows along creek banks and moist gullies. Tasmania Herbarium.
Usually in damp gullies in Australia. Lowland to montane forests, forest margins and shaded open places throughout New Zealand.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-11

Usage

Caution. The leaves have hairs that cause stinging. This disappears on cooking. The leaves can be boiled and eaten or used in tea.
Uses dye essential oil fiber medicinal tea wood
Edible leaves shoots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It can be grown from seed or cuttings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Urtica incisa world distribution map, present in Australia and New Zealand

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857650-1
WFO ID wfo-0000417057
COL ID 7F27V
BDTFX ID 70386
INPN ID 128277
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Urtica incisa