Vanilla polylepis Summerh.

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Vanilla

Characteristics

A glabrous, leafy liane or creeper of indeterminate length with roots of various lengths arising at nodes.. Stems slightly fractiflex, with internodes up to 15 cm. long and 2.5 cm. diameter, succulent, terete, green with single leaf arising at each node, opposite or subtending each adventitious root.. Leaves persistent, coriaceous, alternate, elliptic-lanceolate to oblong, shortly acuminate, 12–21 cm. long and 3–8 cm. broad, upper leaves smallest, rich green.. Inflorescence axillary or pseudo-terminal, subtended by 1–2 bract-like leaves, densely many-flowered, unbranched.. Bracts ovate, up to 1.5 cm. long, closely imbricating.. Flowers often opening singly or up to 3 at one time, persisting for 1–3 days, pale green to greenish white with tepals flushed deeper green on outer surface and towards apex, lip much paler with rosy maroon to brownish purple longitudinal streaks towards apex and yellow towards base; albinos and partial albinos occur occasionally; pedicel and ovary up to 6 cm. long.. Sepals oblanceolate, obtuse and subacute, ± clawed at base, fleshy; dorsal sepal up to 6.3 cm. long and 1.8 cm. broad; lateral sepals up to 5.9 cm. long and 1.7 cm. broad.. Petals less fleshy than sepals, asymmetric, elliptic-lanceolate, up to 6.3 cm. long and 1.6 cm. broad, shallowly grooved along entire length on dorsal surface, with a pronounced keel running along centre of groove to within 7 mm. of petal apex, apical 2 mm. of keel free, usually porrect, forming a horn-like appendage.. Lip up to 6 cm. long, basal part united to column for 3 cm., forming a funnel-like tube, obscurely 3-lobed, apex enveloping column and expanded into membranous rolled lobe with markedly undulate margins and bearing crest of numerous small warts and 2–3 porrect stout hairs up to 2 mm. long; disc of lip, immediately under apex of column, with crest of up to 12 rows of transverse, parallel, lamellate, dendritic branched scales up to 2 mm. long; basal 3 cm. of lip with papillae-like outgrowths.. Column adnate to lip for 3 cm., arcuate, up to 4.5 cm. long, hairy on lower surface of basal 2.7 cm., winged towards apex.. Capsule up to 15 cm. long and 1.5 cm. broad.. Fig. 51, p. 262.
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Lip 4.5–6 cm long, 2.5 cm wide, obscurely 3-lobed, funnel-shaped, adnate to column at base, undulate on the margin; disk (below apex of column) with crest of up to 12 rows of transverse, parallel, branched scales up to 2 mm long; basal 3 cm of lip with papillae.
Sepals 3.6–6 × 0.5–2 cm, oblanceolate, fleshy; petals similar, but slightly broader and less fleshy with a keel on the outer surface, terminating in a projecting point c. 2 mm long.
Climbing and trailing liane up to 8 m long; roots adventitious, arising at the nodes, aerial or clinging to substrate, rooting in soil where they touch the ground.
Flowers white or greenish-white, lip yellow towards the base, usually purple at the apex, or pure white.
Inflorescence axillary or pseudo-terminal, up to 20-flowered, with 1–3 flowers open at a time.
Stem succulent, channelled, bright green, 10–12 mm in diameter; internodes 12–15 mm long.
Leaves up to 24 × 6.5 cm, fleshy, lanceolate, oblanceolate or ovate, acute.
Column 3–4.5 cm long, the basal 2–3 cm adnate to lip.
Ovary and pedicel 5.5–6 cm long.
Capsule up to 15 × 1.5 cm.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
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Root system adventitious-root
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Environment

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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

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Cultivation

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Images

Leaf

Vanilla polylepis leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Vanilla polylepis flower picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Vanilla polylepis flower picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Vanilla polylepis world distribution map, present in Angola, Kenya, Tanzania, United Republic of, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:661258-1
WFO ID wfo-0000331539
COL ID 7FH7H
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Vanilla schliebenii Vanilla polylepis