Fruit a dry or hard capsule, often flat or concave on the top, crowned with the scar of the perianth, or 6-toothed, sometimes spiny, loculicidally dehiscent
Stems woody and fibrous, dichotomously branched, covered with the persistent bases of the fallen leaves; habit arborescent or shrubby
Flowers solitary on each peduncle, white, yellow, or blue, sometimes very handsome, actinomorphic, bisexual
Stamens 6, or numerous and in 6 bundles of 2-6; anthers linear, basifixed, opening by longitudinal slits
Leaves crowded in a tuft at the ends of the branches, narrow, often pungent-pointed
Ovary inferior, 3-locular; style slender, with a capitate stigma or 3 short arms
Seeds numerous, embryo small in copious, rather hard endosperm
Perianth-tube very short or absent; segments equal, spreading
Ovules very numerous on axile, stalked placentas