Veratrum californicum Durand

California false hellebore (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Liliales > Melanthiaceae > Veratrum

Characteristics

Stems 1–2.5 m, ± glabrous proximally, tomentose distally. Leaves ovate, distalmost lanceolate to lance-linear, 20–40 × 15–25 cm, reduced distally, tomentose-ciliate, curly-hairy abaxially, glabrous or veins sparsely short-hairy adaxially. Inflorescences dense-paniculate, with spreading to stiffly erect branches to near tip or distal 1/3–1/2 unbranched, 30–70 cm, tomentose; bracts ovate-elliptic to lanceolate, shorter than to obviously longer than flowers. Tepals creamy white, greenish basally, lanceolate to elliptic or oblong-ovate, not or very slightly clawed, 8–17 mm, margins entire to denticulate, glabrous to abaxially tomentose; gland 1, basal, green, V-shaped; ovary glabrous or with few hairs; pedicel 1–6 mm. Capsules narrowly ovoid, 2–3 cm, glabrous. Seeds flat, winged, 10–12 mm.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.05 - 1.55
Mature height (meter) 2.15 - 2.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.3
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Swamps, creek bottoms, moist woodlands and meadows, from lowland to the sub-alpine zone.
Light 3-7
Soil humidity 6-8
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-9

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use Antirheumatic (External) (root), Contraceptive (root), Dermatological Aid (root), Disinfectant (root), Gland Medicine (root), Gynecological Aid (root), Snake Bite Remedy (root), Throat Aid (root), Toothache (root), Venereal Aid (root), Veterinary Aid (root), Cold Remedy (root), Blood Medicine (root), Respiratory Aid (root), Emetic (root), Burn Dressing (unspecified), Febrifuge (unspecified), Panacea (unspecified), Orthopedic Aid (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Contraceptive (unspecified), Pediculicide (unspecified), Sterilizant (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings, divisions or seedlings.
Mode cuttings divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 90 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 15 - 18
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Veratrum californicum leaf picture by ken harrison (cc-by-sa)
Veratrum californicum leaf picture by Liz Pucket (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Veratrum californicum flower picture by John John Hardham (cc-by-sa)
Veratrum californicum flower picture by Clint Parkhill (cc-by-sa)
Veratrum californicum flower picture by Kelli Hansen (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Veratrum californicum world distribution map, present in Colombia and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:543476-1
WFO ID wfo-0000751689
COL ID 7FNHJ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Veratrum californicum

Lower taxons

Veratrum californicum var. caudatum Veratrum californicum var. californicum