Vicia tetrasperma (L.) Schreb.

Sparrow vetch (en), Vesce à quatre graines (fr), Ers à quatre graines (fr), Lentillon (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Vicia

Characteristics

Slender scrambling annual; stem sparsely hairy. Lvs moderately hairy; tendrils simple or branched; leaflets in 2-5 pairs, often alternate, linear to narrowly elliptic-oblong, 5-20 mm long; stipules with 1, adaxial, basal lobe, rarely entire. Infl. ± = lvs, 1-2-(4)-flowered. Peduncle much > fls. Pedicel 1-3 mm long. Calyx not gibbous at base; calyx teeth unequal; lower teeth just < tube; upper teeth much < tube. Corolla white and tinged pale blue to pale purple, 3-6 mm long; limb of standard = or > claw. Pod glabrous, brown, (2)-3-5-seeded, 10-15 mm long; seeds greenish with purple blotches turning deep reddish brown or brown; hilum ⅙-⅕ of circumference.
More
A slender scrambling annual herb. The leaves have 3-6 pairs of leaflets. They are usually alternate. They are narrowly oblong and 5-20 mm long by 1-3 mm wide. They have a very small sharp tip. The stalk of the leaf has a tendril at the end. There are 1 or 2 flowers in a group. The flower stalks are 2-4 cm long. The petals are pale blue and there is a purple spot on the keel. The pods are oblong and 10-15 mm long by 3.5 mm wide. There are usually 4 seeds. The pods are smooth and light brown. The seeds are almost round and 2 mm across. The seeds are brown.
Annual erect or climbing herb, 0.1-0.6 m high; stems slender, profusely branched, dense, glabrous or appressed-hairy. Leaves 10-45 mm long, rachis terminating in tendril. Leaflets 6-12, linear to narrowly-elliptic, 3-20 x 1-2 mm, apex mucronulate. Stipules 1-2 mm long, entire. Inflorescences of 1-3-flowered racemes; peduncle as long as leaves. Flowers pale blue, ± 5 mm long. Calyx 2-3 mm long. Flowering time Dec.? Pod oblong, 8-16 x 2-5 mm, slightly constricted between seeds, light brown, glabrescent. Seeds 3 or 4, globose, ± 2 mm in diam.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Grassy places, avoiding acid soils. Hill slopes, valleys, grasslands, fields, cultivated areas, open ground, wastelands, roadsides; at elevations from near sea level to 2,900 metres.
More
It is a temperate plant. In China it grows from sea level to 2,900 m above sea level. Tasmania Herbarium. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-10

Usage

The young leaves and shoots are eaten. They are also used as a coffee substitute.
Uses animal food coffee substitute fodder forage
Edible leaves seeds shoots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity toxic (unknown strength) (seed), toxic (unknown strength) (fruit)
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 21 - 40
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Vicia tetrasperma habit picture by Frank Sundermeyer (cc-by-sa)
Vicia tetrasperma habit picture by Eva Set (cc-by-sa)
Vicia tetrasperma habit picture by Sloeniy Sloeniy (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Vicia tetrasperma leaf picture by Matthias Koch (cc-by-sa)
Vicia tetrasperma leaf picture by Pieter Verbrugghe (cc-by-sa)
Vicia tetrasperma leaf picture by Andreas Sverke (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Vicia tetrasperma flower picture by Alain Lagrave (cc-by-sa)
Vicia tetrasperma flower picture by Els D (cc-by-sa)
Vicia tetrasperma flower picture by Michael Eicks (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Vicia tetrasperma fruit picture by Gertrud Hill (cc-by-sa)
Vicia tetrasperma fruit picture by vladdu31 (cc-by-sa)
Vicia tetrasperma fruit picture by Frank Sundermeyer (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Vicia tetrasperma world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Albania, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Belarus, Bhutan, Canada, Switzerland, Chile, China, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Algeria, Ecuador, Egypt, Spain, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Greece, Hungary, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Jordan, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Korea (Republic of), Libya, Lithuania, Latvia, Morocco, Moldova (Republic of), Mauritius, Netherlands, Norway, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Sweden, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Taiwan, Province of China, Ukraine, United States of America, Uzbekistan, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:494323-1
WFO ID wfo-0000212802
COL ID 5BCYC
BDTFX ID 71814
INPN ID 129325
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Vicia gemella Vicia tetrasperma Ervum tetraspermum Vicia tetrasperma var. gracilis Vicia tetrasperma var. tetrasperma Ervum tetraspermum var. gracile Ervum tetraspermum var. tenue Ervum tetraspermum var. tenuifolium Vicia tetrasperma var. major