Plants perennial, caulescent, not stoloniferous, 5–20 cm. Stems 1–5, erect (later reclining), glabrous, on caudex from subligneous rhizome. Leaves basal and cauline; basal: 1–5; stipules mostly lanceolate-linear, margins usually laciniate with gland-tipped projections, apex acute; petiole 1–9.5 cm, glabrous or puberulent; blade reniform or ovate to deltate, 1.4–5.5 × 1.8–5.3 cm, base cordate, not decurrent on petiole, margins crenate or serrate, mostly eciliate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces usually glabrous, sometimes pubescent adaxially near margin; cauline similar to basal except: stipules lanceolate to ovate, margins ± entire or laciniate, projections often gland-tipped, apex acuminate; petiole 0.5–3.6 cm, glabrous; blade narrowly ovate to orbiculate, 1.8–2.9 × 1.5–3.1 cm, base deeply cordate to truncate, margins regularly crenate, apex obtuse to broadly rounded or apiculate. Peduncles 5–9 cm, glabrous or pubescent. Flowers: sepals lanceolate, margins ciliate or eciliate, auricles not enlarged in fruit, 1–1.5 mm; petals usually lavender-violet to violet on both surfaces, rarely white, lower 3 white basally, darker violet-veined, lateral 2 sparsely bearded, lowest 9–16 mm, spur white to pinkish violet, elongated, 4–8 mm, tip usually straight, sometimes curved up; style head beardless; cleistogamous flowers unknown. Capsules ovoid to ellipsoid, 5–7 mm, glabrous. Seeds beige to bronze, 1.5–2 mm. 2n = 20.
Woods and grassy places. Rich, mesic to wet woods, swamps, bogs; at elevations from 50-3,000 metres.
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It is a temperate plant. It suits hardiness zones 2-8.
Can be grown by cuttings, divisions or seedlings. Seeds needs stratification.
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