Viola macroceras Bunge

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Violaceae > Viola

Characteristics

Herbs perennial, acaulescent, 5-14 cm tall, glabrous or sparsely puberulous. Rhizome obliquely ascending or erect, short, with few whitish fibrous roots. Leaves basal; stipules dense in upper part of rhizome, white, ovate-lanceolate, membranous, ca. 1/2 adnate to petiole, margin entire or sparsely long fimbriate, apex acute; petiole 1-8 cm, to 14 cm at fruiting; leaf blade cordate or ovate-cordate, 1.5-4.5 × 1-3 cm, base shallowly or deeply cordate, usually cuneate and decurrent to petiole, margin shallowly crenate, apex acute, larger at fruiting, to 6 × ca. 4 cm. Flowers purple-violet or blue-purple, fragrant; pedicels 4-9 cm, 2-bracteolate at middle; bracteoles 4-6 mm. Sepals narrowly elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, 5-6 × 2-2.5 mm, apex obtuse, basal auricles short, apex obtuse, glabrous. Petals 1-1.2 cm, lateral ones bearded; spur 4-6 mm, stout, slightly curved upward or nearly straight. Ovary glabrous; styles clavate, base slightly geniculate, gradually thickened upward; stigmas flat at top, with obtuse margin on lateral sides and abaxially, shortly beaked in front, with an upward stigma hole at tip of beak. Capsule ellipsoid, 7-9 mm, glabrous, apex obtuse. Seeds brown or red-brown, large. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Aug-Sep.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.05 - 0.15
Root system fibrous-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 7-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-10

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 14 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 23
Germination luminosity dark
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Viola macroceras world distribution map, present in China, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Liberia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Tajikistan, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:868592-1
WFO ID wfo-0001144926
COL ID 5BH3Y
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Viola macroceras