Viola variegata Fisch. ex Link

Violette hérissée (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Violaceae > Viola

Characteristics

Herbs perennial, acaulescent, 3-12 cm tall. Rhizome usually short, 4-15 mm, slender, densely noded, with several whitish or brownish long roots. Leaves basal, rosulate; stipules greenish or glaucous, submembranous, 2/3 adnate to petioles, free part lanceolate, margin remotely glandular fimbriate-dentate, apex acuminate; petioles unequal in length, 1-7 cm, narrowly winged or wingless in upper part, with short stiff hairs or glabrous; leaf blade abaxially usually purplish red, adaxially dark green or green, white variegated (punctate-striate) along veins, orbicular, 1.2-5 × 1-4.5 cm, both surfaces often covered with short stiff hairs, sometimes sparsely hairy or subglabrous, base conspicuously cordate, margin obtusely dentate, apex rounded or obtuse. Flowers red-purple or dark purple, usually light colored in lower part, 1.2-2.2 cm; pedicels usually purplish red, unequal in length, exceeding or slightly shorter than leaves, shortly hairy or subglabrous, 2-bracteolate at middle; bracteoles linear. Sepals usually purplish, oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 5-6 mm, 3-veined, margin narrowly membranous or ciliate, apex acute, basal auricles shorter, 1-1.5 mm, with short stiff hairs or glabrous adaxially, apex truncate or remotely and shallowly dentate. Petals obovate, 7-14 mm, lateral ones sparsely bearded or glabrous, anterior one white and violet-striate at base, 1.2-2.2 cm (spur included); spur cylindric, 3-8 mm, robust or slender, apex obtuse, straight or slightly curved upward. Anthers and appendages of connectives ca. 2 mm; spur of 2 anterior stamens long, to 4 mm, slender, ca. 0.3 mm in diam. Ovary subglobose, usually with short stiff hairs or subglabrous; styles clavate, base slightly geniculate, gradually thickened upward; stigmas conspicuously thickened on lateral sides and abaxially, shortly beaked in front, with a stigma hole open upward at tip of beak. Capsule ellipsoid, ca. 7 mm, glabrous or sparsely short hairy, globose and usually with short stiff hairs when young. Seeds brownish, small, ca. 1.5 mm, shortly appendaged. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jun-Sep. 2n = 24.
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A herb.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.07 - 0.11
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Mountain slopes in E. Siberia. Grasslands on mountain slopes, forests, thickets, rocky crevices in shaded places; at elevations from 300-1,700 metres.
More
It is a temperate plant.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible flowers leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings. Seeds needs stratification.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 14 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 23
Germination luminosity dark
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Viola variegata unspecified picture

Distribution

Viola variegata world distribution map, present in China

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:869483-1
WFO ID wfo-0001144942
COL ID 5BHRN
BDTFX ID 72669
INPN ID 129733
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Viola baicalensis Viola variegata f. viridis Viola variegata Viola tenuicornis subsp. primorskajensis Viola variegata var. viridis Viola umemurae