Vitex fischeri Gürke

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Lamiaceae > Vitex

Characteristics

Savannah shrub or small to fairly large tree (1.8–)4.5–9 or sometimes to 15(–18) m. tall with rounded crown; bark grey to dark brown, shallowly striate and fissured, slash white to light brown with white sapwood; young branches and petioles densely clothed with velvety orange-brown hairs or yellow-tomentose.. Leaves scented, 5-foliolate; leaflets oblong, ovate-elliptic to elliptic or slightly obovate-elliptic, 5–19 cm. long, 3–10 cm. wide, shortly to long-acuminate at the apex, the tip acute, cuneate to rounded at the base, entire, somewhat scabrid-puberulous above but later ± glabrous, velvety woolly tomentose beneath and with sparse to dense glands, the surface usually totally obscured but sometimes indumentum much sparser with glands and venation evident; lateral nerves rather numerous, up to ± 15 pairs; petioles 6.5–16.5 cm. long; petiolules 1–2(3–8) cm. long.. Cymes axillary, extensive, many-flowered, up to 11(–15) cm. wide; peduncle 6–14 cm. long; pedicels 0–1 mm. long or that of central flower of cyme up to 12 mm.; all axes woolly-tomentose; bracts and bracteoles narrow, 0.3–2.2 cm. long, dark and ± glabrous inside, velvety outside.. Calyx often tinged red, 3–4 mm. long, truncate or shallowly toothed, the teeth up to 1 mm. long.. Corolla white with blue or mauve upper lip and lower cream or both blue; throat yellow; tube ± 3 mm. long, the lip 3.5 mm. long and lower lobes 2.5 mm. long and wide.. Fruit black or purple-green to black with green spots, oblong-globose, 1–1.3 mm. long, 0.8–1 cm. wide, edible; calycine cup ± 1 cm. wide.
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A tree. It grows 35 m tall. The trunk is without branches for 18 m. The trunk is 180 cm across. The bark is thin. The crown is rounded. The young branches have velvety hairs. The leaves are alternate and compound. There are 5 leaflets arranged like fingers on a hand. The leaflets are narrowly oval and 5-19 cm long by 3-10 cm wide. They taper to the tip. The leaflets are leathery and hairy. The flowers are in groups up to 12 cm long in the axils of leaves. The flowers are white with a blue tinge. The fruit is oval and fleshy. It is 1-2.5 cm long. It is black with white or green spots. There is a 4 celled stone with up to 4 seeds.
Leaves (4)5–7-foliolate; petioles (3)5–20 cm long, terete; median petiolules 0.5–2 cm long; leaflets 8–19 × 3–9 cm, median leaflet largest, elliptic, ovate to obovate, rounded to long acuminate at the apex, cuneate to rounded at the base, ± entire, somewhat scabrid-puberulous above to glabrescent, velvety-tomentose and sparsely to densely gland-dotted beneath and paler than the upper surface, nerves raised on both surfaces.
Drupe c. 1.3 × 0.7 cm, ellipsoid-obovoid, rounded at apex, the lower half enclosed by the enlarged calyx, purple-green to black with green spots at maturity; fruiting calyx cup-shaped, pubescent, not gland-dotted.
Tree up to 15 m tall or more; bark shallowly fissured, ± smooth, greyish to pale yellow-brown; older branches yellow-brown; young branches and petioles orange-tawny tomentose.
Corollas 8–10 mm long, not gland-dotted, lanate or pubescent; tubes white, 5–6 mm long, curved; lobes mauve, at an obtuse angle to tube, middle lower lobe 3–5 × 2–3 mm.
Inflorescences axillary, of ± sturdy densely-flowered compound dichasia 5–16 cm long, pale yellow-tomentose; bracteoles 0.4–1 cm long, linear.
Calyx obconical, 5-lobed, lanate, sparsely gland-dotted, accrescent in fruit; tube 2–2.3 mm long; lobes 0.5–1.0 mm long, erect.
Ovary obovoid, gland-dotted and pubescent toward the apex; apex truncate; style c. 6 mm long.
Stamens scarcely exserted from the corolla tube; filaments glabrous.
Life form -
Growth form tree
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.8
Mature height (meter) 20.0
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Nitrogen fixer -
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Environment

Forest edges, young closed forest and gaps, also savannah woodland and thicket, often on rocky sites, termite mounds, preferring sandy loam soils; at elevations from sea level to 1,500 metres.
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A tropical plant. It grows in evergreen forests and open woodland. It grows up to 2,100 m altitude. In Kenya the annual average rainfall is 1,200-2,000 mm and the temperature 15-23°C.
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The fruit are eaten raw.
Uses charcoal environmental use food fuel material medicinal tea wood
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed. Seed from partly ripe fruit are best.
Mode seedlings
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Germination treatment soaking
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Distribution

Vitex fischeri world distribution map, present in Angola, Burkina Faso, Kenya, Mozambique, Sudan, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, and Zambia

Conservation status

Vitex fischeri threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:865715-1
WFO ID wfo-0000333086
COL ID 5BL4C
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Vitex fischeri Vitex andongensis Vitex bequaertii

Lower taxons

Vitex fischeri var. keniensis