Vitis aestivalis Michx.

Summer grape (en), Vigne d'été (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Vitales > Vitaceae > Vitis

Characteristics

High-climbing vine, the pith interrupted by nodal diaphragms; twigs terete; tendrils or infls lacking opposite each 3rd lf; lvs broadly cordate-ovate to subrotund, with narrow (45°) to broad basal sinus, usually shallowly to deeply 3–5-lobed, when young covered with a reddish or rusty cobwebby tomentum on both sides, sometimes also with straight hairs on the veins, glaucous and persistently ± floccose-tomentose beneath; petioles and stems glabrous or sparsely pilose after disappearance of the tomentum; infl usually long (5–15 cm) and slender; fr dark purple or black, 5–10 mm; 2n=38. Moist or dry soil, open forests, roadsides, and thickets; Mass. to Ont. and s. Minn., s. to Ala. In var. aestivalis, occurring over most of the range of the sp., the persistent tomentum tends to obscure the glaucescence of the lower surface of the lvs. In var. argentifolia (Munson) Fernald (V. bicolor), occurring chiefly inland and in the n. part of the range, the tomentum is more completely deciduous, leaving the lower surface of the lf distinctly blue-green or silvery.
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Plants high climbing, sparsely branched. Branches: bark exfoliating in shreds; nodal diaphragms 1–4 mm thick; branchlets terete, tomentose, arachnoid-floccose, or glabrous, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes; nodes not red-banded. Leaves: stipules 1–4 mm; petiole ± equaling blade; blade cordate to orbiculate, 7–25 cm, unlobed to 3-shouldered or 3–5-lobed, sometimes deeply so, apex acute to short acuminate, abaxial surface glaucous, ± arachnoid or floccose, visible through hairs, hairs usually rusty, sometimes whitish, veins and vein axils sometimes hirtellous, adaxial surface glabrous or puberulent. Inflorescences 7–20 cm. Flowers functionally unisexual. Berries black, glaucous, globose, 8–20 mm diam., skin separating from pulp; lenticels absent. 2n = 38.
A grape vine. The leaves may not have lobes or can have 3-5 lobes. They are green above and hairy underneath. They have shallow teeth. The flowers are in a dense panicle. The are 5-15 cm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 20.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.4
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Dry woods and thickets. Stream bottom woods, usually on sandy soils, in Texas.
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It is a temperate plant. In Canada it grows in dry woods.
Light 3-8
Soil humidity 2-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 3-7

Usage

The fruit are eaten raw. They are also made into juice, jellies, jams, conserves, pies and wine. The dried fruit are eaten as snacks or used in baked goods. The stems yield a sweet watery sap.
Uses beverage dye environmental use fiber food gene source material medicinal
Edible fruits leaves saps stems
Therapeutic use Other (bark), Urinary Aid (bark), Blood Medicine (leaf), Gynecological Aid (leaf), Liver Aid (leaf), Analgesic (leaf), Febrifuge (leaf), Gastrointestinal Aid (leaf), Antidiarrheal (unspecified), Gastrointestinal Aid (unspecified), Oral Aid (unspecified), Pediatric Aid (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Urinary Aid (unspecified), Febrifuge (unspecified), Gynecological Aid (unspecified), Ceremonial Medicine (unspecified), Emetic (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Vitis aestivalis habit picture by naomi sadlon (cc-by-sa)
Vitis aestivalis habit picture by Aaron Harp (cc-by-sa)
Vitis aestivalis habit picture by Anthony Fernandez (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Vitis aestivalis leaf picture by William Coville (cc-by-sa)
Vitis aestivalis leaf picture by Michael Woodberry (cc-by-sa)
Vitis aestivalis leaf picture by B & C Maguire (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Vitis aestivalis flower picture by Codi Hrynko (cc-by-sa)
Vitis aestivalis flower picture by Stephen Herren (cc-by-sa)
Vitis aestivalis flower picture by lori law (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Vitis aestivalis fruit picture by William Coville (cc-by-sa)
Vitis aestivalis fruit picture by naomi sadlon (cc-by-sa)
Vitis aestivalis fruit picture by Alex Tedder (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Vitis aestivalis world distribution map, present in Canada and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:309286-2
WFO ID wfo-0000421544
COL ID 5BLHJ
BDTFX ID 72752
INPN ID 129921
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Vitis labrusca f. aestivalis Vitis fulva Vitis saxatilis Vitis glareosa Vitis bifida Vitis ursina Vitis serotina Vitis lecontiana Vitis rufotomentosa Vitis sinuata Vitis smalliana Vitis argentifolia Vitis linsecomii Vitis multiloba Vitis americana Vitis labruscoides Vitis intermedia Vitis bicolor Vitis aestivalis var. argentifolia Vitis aestivalis var. aestivalis Vitis linsecomii var. linsecomii Vitis labrusca var. aestivalis Vitis vinifera var. aestivalis Vitis aestivalis var. sinuata Vitis aestivalis subsp. smalliana Vitis aestivalis var. smalliana Vitis vinifera var. multiloba Vitis aestivalis var. bicolor Vitis aestivalis var. glauca Vitis linsecomii var. glauca Vitis linsecomii var. lactea Vitis aestivalis var. linsecomii Vitis aestivalis

Lower taxons

Vitis aestivalis subsp. sola Vitis aestivalis var. bourquiniana