Vitis vulpina L.

Winter grape (en), Vigne à feuilles cordées (fr), Vigne des renards (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Vitales > Vitaceae > Vitis

Characteristics

Plants moderate to high climbing, sparsely branched. Branches: bark exfoliating in shreds; nodal diaphragms 1–2.5 mm thick; branchlets gray to green or brown, if purplish only on one side, terete, glabrous, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves, glabrous or sparsely hairy; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes; nodes not red-banded. Leaves: stipules 1.5–3 mm; petiole ± equaling blade; blade cordate, (5–)9–18 cm, usually unlobed or shallowly 3-lobed, sometimes deeply lobed on ground shoots, apex acute to short acuminate, abaxial surface not glaucous, glabrous, visible, veins and vein axils sometimes hirtellous, adaxial surface usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely hirtellous. Inflorescences 9–19 cm. Flowers functionally unisexual. Berries black, usually not, sometimes very slightly, glaucous, globose, 8–12 mm diam., skin separating from pulp; lenticels absent. 2n = 38.
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High-climbing vine, the pith interrupted by nodal diaphragms 2–5 mm thick; twigs terete; lvs rotund in outline, 5–15 cm, lobeless or slightly 3-lobed (the lobes ± divergent), coarsely serrate (the teeth mostly wider than high, with one or both sides convex), pubescence beneath when young and persistently so in the vein-axils; infls long and slender, loosely fld, 10–15 cm; fr black, not glaucous, 5–10 mm; raphe carried over the end of the seed as a distinct raised ridge; 2n=38. Woods and thickets; N.J. to s. Wis. and Neb., s. to Fla. and Tex. (V. cordifolia)
A vine. It can grow 25 m long. The leaves are alternate and heart shaped. There is a tendril after each third leaf. The fruit is round and acidic. It becomes sweet after frost. They are small and purple.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 25.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 2.25
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Low woods, stream banks, bases of bluffs and thickets.
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It is a temperate plant.
Light 5-7
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 4-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-7

Usage

The fruit are eaten fresh. They are also used in preserves and for wine. The fruit are dried and stored for later use.
Uses animal food beverage dye environmental use food gene source material medicinal
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use Other (bark), Blood Medicine (bark), Blood Medicine (leaf), Gynecological Aid (leaf), Liver Aid (leaf), Antirheumatic (Internal) (root), Misc. Disease Remedy (root), Blood Medicine (root), Dermatological Aid (sap), Gynecological Aid (sap), Gastrointestinal Aid (sap), Eye Medicine (seed), Antidiarrheal (unspecified), Gastrointestinal Aid (unspecified), Oral Aid (unspecified), Pediatric Aid (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Urinary Aid (unspecified), Blood Medicine (unspecified), Kidney Aid (unspecified), Other (unspecified), Eye Medicine (unspecified), Analgesic (unspecified), Antidote (unspecified), Psychological Aid (unspecified), Gynecological Aid (unspecified), Bruise (unspecified), Eye (unspecified), Sprain (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 84
Germination temperacture (C°) -5 - 3
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Vitis vulpina habit picture by Jennifer Jennifer (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Vitis vulpina leaf picture by Ellen Poisson (cc-by-sa)
Vitis vulpina leaf picture by ruby mehta (cc-by-sa)
Vitis vulpina leaf picture by Jambulingam Devarajan (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Vitis vulpina flower picture by Lyndon Chan (cc-by-sa)
Vitis vulpina flower picture by Lyndon Chan (cc-by-sa)
Vitis vulpina flower picture by Amanda Diamond (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Vitis vulpina fruit picture by 411 (cc-by-sa)
Vitis vulpina fruit picture by Syl Syl (cc-by-sa)
Vitis vulpina fruit picture by Syl Syl (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Vitis vulpina world distribution map, present in Canada, Slovakia, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:69152-1
WFO ID wfo-0000421880
COL ID 5BM7V
BDTFX ID 72799
INPN ID 129969
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Vitis longifolia Vitis floridana Vitis amara Vitis illex Vitis hyemalis Vitis missouriensis Vitis cordifolia var. vulpina Vitis vinifera var. vulpina Vitis vulpina var. cordifolia Vitis cordifolia var. sempervirens Vitis vulpina