Volkameria glabra (E.Mey.) Mabb. & Y.W.Yuan

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Lamiaceae > Volkameria

Characteristics

A shrub 1-4 m tall or a small tree up to 6.5 m. Stems erect, cylindrical, brown when young eventually grey; branches straight, somewhat thick, lenticellate, glabrous or finely imperceptibly puberulous, leaf scars ± raised with tomentellous buds in the axils. Leaves opposite or 3-whorled; lamina 5-10 x 0.8-5.5 cm, elliptic to elliptic-ovate or ovate, obtuse or acute or sometimes attenuate to a very acute apex, cuneate or rounded at the base, entire with slightly revolute margins, ± fleshy, drying ± coriaceous and somewhat wrinkled, very densely punctate, foetid, sometimes folded along the midrib, rather caducous; petiole 1-2 cm long, slender, ascending or spreading. Inflorescences terminal, corymbose, subspherical, loose to ± dense, 3-14 cm in diameter, sometimes surrounded and exceeded by the uppermost leaves; smaller inflorescences in the axils of the upper leaves sometimes also present; axes, pedicels and bracts ± puberulous; pedicels 0.75-6 mm long; bracts and bracteoles linear, 1.5-2.5 mm long, ± equalling the calyx. Calyx campanulate, 2.5-3.5 mm long; tube 2.5-3 mm in diameter, glabrescent to ± densely pubescent with ± appressed, whitish hairs; lobes (0.5)0.75-1.5(3) mm long, triangular and narrowing to the apex but not linear, separated by rounded sinuses. Corolla usually white, sometimes mauve or white suffused with mauve, cream or greenish, sweet-scented; tube (4)4.5-8(10) mm long, slender, only with sessile glands or rarely also sparsely hairy above; lobes 2.5-4 x 2 mm. Stamens mauve or lilac, exserted 5-7 mm; anthers 1-1.25 mm long, violet or brown. Fruits marbled-white, but black when dry, 6-10 mm in diameter, strongly wrinkled and ± lobed when dry, sitting in a ribbed shallow, lobed fruiting calyx 8 mm wide; edible.
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Perennial shrub or small tree, 0.3-9.0 m high; stems erect, cylindrical; branches straight, lenticellate, glabrous or puberulous. Leaves opposite or 3-whorled, elliptic to ovate, base cuneate or rounded, apex obtuse or acute or sometimes attenuate, margins entire or slightly revolute. Inflorescences terminal, corymbose, subspherical; axes, pedicels and bracts puberulous; bracts and bracteoles linear. Flowers white, mauve, pinkish or creamy white. Calyx campanulate, glabrescent to densely pubescent, hairs appressed; lobes triangular. Corolla: tube sparsely pubescent; lobes oblong. Style and stamens exserted. Flowering time Oct.-Mar. Fruit strongly wrinkled, edible.
A shrub or small tree. It can be 10 m tall. It is much branched. The flowers have a scent. The fruit are 6-10 mm across. They are yellowish-white.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.5 - 7.75
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Coastal dunes and evergreen coastal thicket, and dry rocky hillsides; at elevations up to 200 metres in Mozambique; to 1,100 metres in Botswana.
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It is a tropical and subtropical plant. It needs a fertile, well-drained soil and a sunny position.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-11

Usage

The fruit is eaten raw.
Uses animal food environmental use food fuel invertebrate food material medicinal non-vertebrate poison poison
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use Purgative(Veterinary) (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from fresh seeds. They germinate in 20-60 days at 20°C.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) 1
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Volkameria glabra unspecified picture

Distribution

Volkameria glabra world distribution map, present in Angola, Bermuda, Botswana, Comoros, Guatemala, Kenya, Mozambique, Namibia, Sierra Leone, Somalia, eSwatini, Seychelles, Tanzania, United Republic of, United States of America, and South Africa

Conservation status

Volkameria glabra threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77103945-1
WFO ID wfo-0000916754
COL ID 5BP99
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 969302
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Clerodendrum glabrum f. pubescens Siphonanthus glaber Premna suaveolens Clerodendrum glabratum Clerodendrum glabrum Clerodendrum minutiflorum Clerodendrum ovale Clerodendrum ovalifolium Clerodendrum rehmannii Clerodendrum somalense Clerodendrum capense Volkameria glabra Siphonanthus glaber var. vaga Clerodendrum glabrum var. vagum Siphonanthus glaber var. incarnatus Clerodendrum glabrum var. angustifolium Clerodendrum glabrum var. minutiflorum Clerodendrum glabrum var. ovale Clerodendrum glabrum var. pubescens Clerodendrum capense