Wahlenbergia androsacea A.Dc.

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Campanulaceae > Wahlenbergia

Characteristics

Annual erect herb, 10-55 cm tall, from a white taproot. Stems few to many, glabrous or sometimes sparsely hirsute or puberulous towards the base. Leaves ± rosulate, flat, narrowly obovate to narrowly oblanceolate or spathulate, up to 25-130 mm long, 6-18 mm wide, acute to subacute with attenuate base, often narrowing into a distinct petiole, ciliate towards the base, ± hirsute on both sides or only above, or glabrous; margin not or very slightly cartilaginous, ± dentate, sometimes pinnately lobed at least towards the base; midvein prominent beneath, lateral veins faint. Inflorescence lax; pedicels up to 14-45 mm long, glabrous; bracts and bracteoles usually ciliate at least towards the base. Hypanthium obovoid to hemispherical, ca. 10-nerved, glabrous. Calyx-lobes 1-2.5 mm long, narrowly triangular, entire, glabrous. Corolla widely campanulate to almost rotate, 5-8 mm long (forms with larger corollas, up to 22 mm long, that probably belong here, occur in South Africa and Namibia), pale blue or mauve, deeply 5-lobed; tube 1-2 mm long, puberulous inside near the base. Stamens ca. 4-5 mm long; filament-bases broadly dilated to almost cruciate, shortly ciliate; anthers ca. 2-2.5 mm long. Ovary 3-locular, subinferior. Style somewhat shorter than the corolla, hairy or glabrous below, 3-lobed, with 3 glands present below the pollen-collecting hairs. Capsule 3-locular, ca. 10-nerved; valves 3, 0.8-1.2 mm long. Seeds elliptic in outline, ± compressed, 0.4-0.6 mm long; testa almost smooth.
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Leaves up to 25–130 x 6–18 mm., ± rosulate, flat, narrowly obovate to narrowly oblanceolate or spathulate, acute to subacute with attenuate base often narrowing into a distinct petiole, ciliate towards the base, 4 hirsute on both sides or only above, or glabrous; margin not or very slightly incrassate, ± dentate, sometimes pinnately lobed at least towards the base; midvein prominent beneath, lateral veins faint.
Tufted annual, up to 400 mm tall. Leaves mostly basal, rosulate, oblanceolate, roughly hairy, margins undulate-crenate, bluntly toothed. Flowers on 2-forked peduncles, long-pedicellate, calyx lobes triangular, corolla widely funnel-shaped, white to pale blue, 5-15 mm diam., filaments broad at base, style with 3 glands, sometimes in a continuous band below stigma, ovary glabrous, 3-locular. Capsule spheroid.
An annual herb. It loses its leaves. It grows up to 55 cm tall. It has a white taproot. The leaves are 3-13 cm long by 1-2 cm wide. They are flat and narrowly sword shaped or spoon shaped. The flower arrangements are short, broad and almost flat-topped. They are on branched stalks. The fruit is a round capsule with 3 chambers.
Annual, erect, 0.1-0.5 m high. Leaves ± rosulate, flat, narrowly obovate to narrowly oblanceolate or spathulate, acute, ciliate towards base. Flowers: campanulate in a lax inflorescence; stigma lobes 3 with glands present below pollen-collecting hairs; corolla with distinct tube, white, pale blue or mauve; Sep.-Jan.
Annual, erect herb, 0.1-0.5 m high. Leaves ± rosulate, flat, narrowly obovate to narrowly oblanceolate or spathulate, acute, ciliate towards base. Flowers campanulate in a lax inflorescence, white, pale blue or mauve. Stigma: lobes 3 with glands present below pollen-collecting hairs. Flowering time Sept.-Nov.
Tufted annual to 40 cm. Leaves mostly basal, oblanceolate, roughly hairy, margins undulate-crenate. Flowers in cymose panicles, cup-shaped, white to pale blue, 5-15 mm diam., filaments broad at base, style with 3 glands, sometimes in a continuous band below stigma, ovary glabrous.
Corolla 5–10 mm. long (forms with larger corollas, up to 22 mm. long, that probably belong here, occur in S. Africa and Namibia), pale blue or mauve, widely campanulate to almost rotate, deeply 5–lobed; tube 1–2 mm. long, puberulous inside near the base.
Erect annual herb, up to 0.55 m high. Leaves rosulate, narrowly obovate to narrowly oblanceolate or spathu-late, up to 25-130 x 6-18 mm. Stylar glands below base of style lobes. Testa smooth. Flowers pale blue or mauve.
Ovary 3–locular, subinferior; style somewhat shorter than the corolla, hairy or glabrous below, 3–lobed, with 3 glands present below the pollen–collecting hairs.
Inflorescence lax; pedicels up to 14–45 mm. long, glabrous; bracts and bracteoles usually ciliate at least towards the base.
Stamens with filament–bases broadly dilated to almost cross–shaped, shortly ciliate; anthers ± 2–2·5 mm. long.
Stems few to many, glabrous or sometimes sparsely hirsute or puberulous towards the base.
Seeds 0·4–0·6 mm. long, elliptic in outline, ± compressed; testa almost smooth.
Calyx–lobes 1–2–5 mm. long, narrowly triangular, entire, glabrous.
Hypanthium obovoid to hemispherical, c. 10–nerved, glabrous.
Capsule 3–locular, c. 10–nerved; valves 3, 0·8–1–2 mm. long.
Annual erect herb, 10–55 cm. tall, from a white taproot.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.55
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a subtropical plant. It grows in places that are sometimes waterlogged. It can grow in arid places.
Light -
Soil humidity 1-6
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The leaves are cooked and eaten as a spinach.
Uses food medicinal
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Potherb (unspecified), Ulcer (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 14 - 28
Germination temperacture (C°) 15 - 21
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Wahlenbergia androsacea world distribution map, present in Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:145619-1
WFO ID wfo-0000819703
COL ID 5BSZ6
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Wahlenbergia semiglabra Wahlenbergia sphaerocarpa Wahlenbergia perennis Wahlenbergia rosulata Wahlenbergia verreauxii Wahlenbergia arenaria Wahlenbergia glandulosa Wahlenbergia inhambanensis Campanopsis androsacea Campanopsis arenaria Campanopsis nudicaulis Wahlenbergia nudicaulis Campanopsis inambanensis Campanula androsacea Campanula elongata Campanula nudicaulis Cephalostigma fockeanum Wahlenbergia androsacea Wahlenbergia arenaria Wahlenbergia arenaria var. sphaerocarpa Wahlenbergia arenaria var. verreauxii Wahlenbergia inhambanensis var. erecta Wahlenbergia androsacea var. multicaulis Campanopsis androsacea var. arenaria