Wahlenbergia undulata A.Dc.

Giant bellflower (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Campanulaceae > Wahlenbergia

Characteristics

Perennial or annual erect herb, 20-90 cm tall. Stems few to many, ± hirsute towards the base or glabrous. Leaves evenly distributed on the stem or somewhat crowded towards the base, sessile, lanceolate to linear, up to 10-70 mm long, 1.5-10 mm wide, acute to subacute with cuneate to truncate base, ± hirsute or glabrous; margin cartilaginous, ± undulate-crenate; midvein protruding beneath, lateral veins faint. Inflorescence lax; pedicels up to 10-25 mm long, glabrous; bracts ± ciliate to dentate or glabrous and entire. Hypanthium obconical to hemispherical, ca. 10-nerved, glabrous. Calyx-lobes 1.5-6 mm long, ± narrowly triangular or lanceolate, ± ciliate to dentate or glabrous and entire. Corolla campanulate, 5-16 mm long (forms with corollas up to 30 mm that probably belong here, occur in South Africa, especially in Natal), blue, white, yellow or various intermediate colours, deeply 5-lobed, puberulous inside near the base, glabrous outside; tube 1.5-5 mm long. Stamens 4-10 mm long; filament-bases broadly dilated to almost cross-shaped, ciliate; anthers ± 2.5-5 mm long. Ovary 3-locular, subinferior. Style somewhat shorter than the corolla, hairy or glabrous below; lobes 3 with 3 glands present between their bases. Capsule 3-locular, 3-12 mm long, ca. 10-nerved; valves 3, 1-3 mm long. Seeds ± elliptic in outline, ± compressed, 0.35-0.55 mm long; testa reticulate.
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Perennial or annual erect herb, 20–90 cm. tall.. Stems few to many, ± hirsute towards the base or glabrous.. Leaves scattered or somewhat crowded towards the base, sessile, lanceolate to linear, up to 10–70 mm. long, 1.5–10 mm. wide, acute to subacute with cuneate to truncate base, ± hirsute or glabrous; margin cartilaginous, ± undulate-crenate; midvein protruding beneath, lateral veins faint.. Inflorescence lax; pedicels up to 10–25 mm. long, glabrous; bracts ± ciliate to dentate or glabrous and entire.. Hypanthium obconical to hemispherical, ± 10-nerved, glabrous.. Calyx-lobes 1.5–6 mm. long, ± ciliate to dentate or glabrous and entire.. Corolla campanulate, (5–)8–16 mm. long, blue, white, yellow or various intermediate colours, deeply 5-lobed, puberulous inside near the base, glabrous outside; tube 1.5–5 mm. long.. Stamens with filament-bases broadly dilated to almost cross-shaped, ciliate; anthers ± 2.5–5 mm. long.. Ovary 3-locular, sub-inferior; style somewhat shorter than the corolla, hairy or glabrous below; lobes 3 with 3 glands present between their bases.. Capsule 3-locular, 3–12 mm. long, ± 10-nerved; valves 3, 1–3 mm. long.. Seeds ± elliptic in outline, ± compressed, 0.35–0.55 mm. long; testa reticulate.. Fig. 2/A, N, U, p. 6.
An annual herb. It is erect and grows up to 60 cm high. It has scattered white hairs. The leaves are on the lower half of the shoot. They do not have leaf stalks. The leaves taper from the base to the tip. They are 6 cm long and 5 mm wide. The edges are wavy. There are a few short teeth. The flowers are at the top. The flowers are 1.3 cm long and have pointed lobes. They are blue.
Perennial or annual herb, erect, 0.15-1.00 m high. Leaves many, sessile, lanceolate to linear, margins cartilaginous, ± undulate-dentate. Flowers: campanulate, in a lax inflorescence, pedicellate; calyx lobes broadly triangular, 3-4 mm long; stigma lobes 3, with glands present between their bases; corolla with a distinct tube, blue; Nov.-Apr.
Leaves 10–70 x 1·5–10 mm., alternate, scattered or somewhat crowded towards the base, sessile, lanceolate to linear, acute to subacute with cuneate to truncate base, ± hirsute or glabrous; margin incrassate, ± undulate–crenate; midvein protruding beneath, lateral veins faint.
Erect perennial or annual herb, up to 0.9 m high. Stems leafy, hirsute or glabrous. Leaves lanceolate to linear, up to 10-70 x 1.5-0.0 mm, margin cartilaginous, ± undulate-crenate. Inflorescence lax with pedicels up to 10-25 mm long. Flowers blue, white, yellow or purple.
Subglabrous perennial to 90 cm. Leaves narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, undulate-toothed, margins slightly revolute. Flowers 1-few on slender pedicels, bowl-shaped, 10-20 mm diam., blue, sometimes white or mauve, filaments broad at base, ovary 2-or 3-locular, glabrous.
Perennial or annual herb, erect, 0.15-1.0 m high. Leaves sessile, lanceolate to linear, margins cartilaginous, ± undulate-crenate. Flowers campanulate, in a lax inflorescence, blue. Stigma: lobes 3, with glands present between their bases. Flowering time Oct.-Dec.
Corolla (5) 8–16 mm. long, campanulate, blue, white, yellow or various intermediate colours, deeply 5–lobed, puberulous inside near the base, glabrous outside; corolla–tube 1·5–5 mm. long.
Ovary 3–locular, subinferior; style somewhat shorter than corolla, hairy or glabrous below; lobes 3 with 3 glands present between their bases.
Inflorescence lax; pedicels up to 10–25 mm. long, glabrous; bracts ± ciliate to dentate or glabrous and entire.
Stamens with filament–bases broadly dilated to almost cross–shaped, ciliate; anthers ± 2·5–5 mm. long.
Seeds 0–35–0–55 mm. long, ± elliptic in outline, ± compressed; testa reticulate.
Calyx–lobes 1–5–6 mm. long, ± ciliate to dentate or glabrous and entire.
Capsule 3–12 mm. long, 3–locular, ± 10–nerved; valves 3, 1–3 mm. long.
Hypanthium obconical to hemispherical, ± 10–nerved, glabrous.
Sterns few to many, ± hirsute towards the base or glabrous.
Perennial or annual erect herb, 20–90 cm. tall.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.2 - 0.9
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in dry soils. It can grow in arid places.
Light -
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 7-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The root tuber is eaten raw. The leaves are cooked and eaten as a spinach.
Uses food medicinal
Edible leaves roots tubers
Therapeutic use Potherb (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 14 - 29
Germination temperacture (C°) 15 - 21
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Wahlenbergia undulata world distribution map, present in Angola, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Lesotho, Madagascar, Mozambique, Namibia, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:145987-1
WFO ID wfo-0000819370
COL ID 5BTDW
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Wahlenbergia undulata Wahlenbergia striata Wahlenbergia polychotoma Wahlenbergia caledonica Wahlenbergia cyanea Campanopsis caledonica Campanula glabrata Wahlenbergia scoparia Wahlenbergia engleri Wahlenbergia chamissoniana Wahlenbergia dinteri Campanopsis bojeri Campanopsis undulata Cervicina undulata Wahlenbergia oatesii Campanopsis undulata f. albiflora Campanopsis undulata f. azurea Campanopsis undulata f. flavida Campanopsis undulata f. lilacina Campanula undulata Wahlenbergia chamissoniana var. macrantha Wahlenbergia undulata var. macrantha Wahlenbergia chamissoniana var. micrantha Wahlenbergia denudata var. brevisepala Wahlenbergia undulata var. glabrata Wahlenbergia caledonica var. cyanea Wahlenbergia dinteri var. elongata Wahlenbergia dinteri var. paucilaciniata Wahlenbergia dinteri var. rotundicapsula Wahlenbergia dinteri var. virgulta Wahlenbergia scoparia var. obovata Wahlenbergia undulata var. latisepala Wahlenbergia undulata var. rotundifolia Wahlenbergia bilocularis Wahlenbergia bojeri