Warburgia ugandensis Sprague

Species

Angiosperms > Canellales > Canellaceae > Warburgia

Characteristics

Tree up to 42 m. tall but often quite small (about 5 m.) in many Kenya localities, glabrous.. Bark and habit similar to that of W. stuhlmannii.. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, often a little falcate with costa eccentric, very glossy and dark green above, paler beneath; venation sometimes a little more prominent beneath than in W. stuhlmannii, lamina acute at the apex, cuneate at the base and slightly involute, 3–15 cm. long and 1.4–5.0 cm. wide; petioles 3–5 mm. long.. Flowers solitary or in small cymes of 3–4, axillary.. Bracts and flowers very similar in shape to those of W. stuhlmannii.. Bracts thick, 3 mm. long and 3–3.5 mm. wide, ciliate.. Sepals 6–7 mm. long and 4–4.5 mm. wide; petals 5–7 mm. long and 2.5–3 mm. wide, obovate-spathulate, rarely with small lateral expansions at the middle.. Staminal tube 4–5 mm. long and 2–3 mm. in diameter, thecae 1.5–2 mm. long.. Ovary 2.6–4 mm. long; ovules 25–30.. Style 0.5–1 mm. long.. Fruit at first greenish and ellipsoidal, later subspherical turning purplish, up to 5 cm. in diameter.. Seeds compressed, ± cordate, yellow-brown, 1–1.5 cm. long.
More
It is an evergreen tree. It grows to 25-30 m tall. The leaf canopy is dense and leafy. The bark is rough and brown-black. The bark cracks into rectangular scales. The leaves are dark green and shiny on the upper surface and with the midrib very clear below. The leaves are 10 cm long and the edges of the leaves are wavy. The flowers are green-cream and not easily seen. The fruit is round or egg shaped and 5 cm long. Fruit are on short stalks. The fruit are green to purple and with a waxy white surface. Several seeds occur in the pulp. The seeds are flat and heart shaped. This species has larger fruit than Warburgia salutaris but has sometimes been included with it.
Flowers solitary or in short 3–4-flowered cymes and sometimes with a single flower from the base of the cyme, the true peduncle then being obsolete; peduncle 3 mm. long; bracts ± square, 2 mm. long, very deciduous leaving conspicuous scars; pedicels 3–4 mm. long.
Leaves 3–15 x 1.4–5 cm. oblong-lanceolate, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, often a little falcate, acute at the apex, cuneate at the base, very shiny and dark green above, paler beneath, densely pellucid-dotted; petiole 3–5 mm. long.
Fruit up to 5 cm. in diam., at first greenish and ellipsoidal, later subspherical, turning purplish or with blue-grey bloom when ripe; seeds 1–1.5 cm. long, yellow-brown, compressed, ± cordate.
Tree 5–42 m. tall with rough fissured dark brown or brownish grey bark dividing into rectangular plates; slash often dark red.
Petals: outer 6–7 x 4–4.5 mm.; inner 5–7 x 2.5–3 mm., obovate-spathulate.
Staminal tube 4–5 mm. long; anthers 1.5–2 mm. long.
Sepals thick, 3 x 3–3.5 mm., ciliate.
Ovary 2.6–4 mm. long; ovules 25–30.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 20.0 - 36.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Lowland rain-forest, upland dry evergreen forest and its relics in secondary bushland and grassland; termite-hills in swamp forest; at elevations from 800-2,400 metres.
More
A tropical plant. It grows in East Africa from sea level to 2,000 m altitude. It grows on the edges of forests and in dry sites.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

The fruit is used as a seasoning. The leaves, bark, young shoots and fruit can be used in curries. They have a hot peppery taste. The roots are used in soup.
Uses animal food charcoal environmental use fodder food fuel material medicinal oil seasoning tea timber wood
Edible fruits leaves seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds or cuttings. Seeds germinate in about 15 days. Seed should be sown fresh wihout drying out.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 14 - 28
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Warburgia ugandensis leaf picture by Maarten Vanhove (cc-by-sa)
Warburgia ugandensis leaf picture by Maarten Vanhove (cc-by-sa)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:146038-1
WFO ID wfo-0000427581
COL ID 7FTT3
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Dawea ugandensis Warburgia ugandensis

Lower taxons

Warburgia ugandensis subsp. ugandensis