Watsonia borbonica (Pourr.) Goldblatt

Cape bugle-lily (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Iridaceae > Watsonia

Characteristics

Plants 1200-2000 mm high. Corm depressed-globose, 30-50 mm diam.; tunics coarsely netted. Stem erect or inclined below, usually with several short, ascending branches. Leaves 5 to 8, mostly basal, upper basal leaf sheathing stem below or entirely, 1/3-2/3 as long as spike, lanceolate to linear, 20-40 mm wide, bright apple-green, midrib lightly and margins lightly to moderately thickened; bract-like cauline leaves 2 or more, overlapping. Spike up to 20-flowered; bracts green below and dry and brownish above or entirely, often ± sticky, 10-18 mm long, inner ± as long or 2-3 mm shorter, acute or forked apically for 1-2 mm. Flowers zygomorphic, pale to deep pink or pale purple, darker in midline of lower 3 or all tepals and with white streak at base, rarely entirely white, faintly scented; perianth tube funnel-shaped, lower part 12-15(-20) long, emerging 3-8 mm from bracts, upper part flaring, ± horizontal to slightly pendulous, 8-20 mm long, 7-10 mm diam. at mouth; tepals spreading, oblanceolate to obovate, (26-)30-36 x 13-18 mm. Filaments unilateral, either arcuate-horizontal and somewhat spreading or decumbent, 13-18(-25) mm long; anthers 10-13 mm long, purple (yellowish when flowers white). Style arching above or below stamens, dividing at or below anther apices, branches up to 7 mm long. Capsules ovoid to obovoid-truncate, 20-25(-30) x 7-10 mm. Seeds unequally 2-winged, 8-12 mm long, distal wing 2-3 mm long, proximal smaller or vestigial.
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Herb to 1.7 m high. Basal leaves ensiform, 60–100 cm long, 2–4 cm wide; midvein prominent. Spike with few short appressed branches; flowers 2–2.5 cm apart. Bracts lanceolate to oblong, 1.6–2.1 cm long, membranous to scarious, reddish. Flowers pale pink to magenta. Perianth tube 3–4 cm long, curved, narrow for c. 1.5 cm at base, broadly funnel-shaped above; lobes spreading, ovate to oblong, acute to apiculate, 2.8–3.5 cm long, 1.2–1.6 cm wide. Stamens unilateral; anthers c. 12 mm long, dark purple. Style shorter than perianth; branches 4–5 mm long, bifid, often further divided. Capsule ovoid-cylindrical, c. 3 cm long. Bulbils absent.
Robust, cormous geophyte, 50-200 cm, stems often purple. Leaves sword-shaped, apple-green. Flowers purple-pink, rarely white, tube short, stamens mostly declinate, sometimes arcuate. Capsules ovoid-oblong.
A herb. It is a bulb plant.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 1.0 - 1.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Recorded growing in damp, disturbed areas, on riverbanks, lake edges, roadsides and in dry sclerophyll forest.
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It is a subtropical plant.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 3-7
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

Uses environmental use
Edible bulbs roots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 180
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 18
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -7
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Watsonia borbonica flower picture by Ramonda Carolina (cc-by-sa)
Watsonia borbonica flower picture by Oyku Caunt (cc-by-sa)
Watsonia borbonica flower picture by Aline Mulot (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Watsonia borbonica world distribution map, present in Australia, Burkina Faso, Rwanda, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:944889-1
WFO ID wfo-0000787183
COL ID 7FTWX
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Neuberia rosea Tritonia cooperi Lomenia borbonica Watsonia rosea Gladiolus pyramidalis Gladiolus striatus Watsonia borbonica

Lower taxons

Watsonia borbonica subsp. ardernei Watsonia borbonica subsp. borbonica