Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge

Yellowhorn (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Sapindaceae > Xanthoceras

Characteristics

Shrubs or small trees, deciduous, 2-5 m tall. Branches brownish red, strong, stout, glabrous; terminal buds and lateral buds with imbricate scales. Leaves with petiole 15-30 cm; leaflets 4-8-jugate, abaxially green when fresh, adaxially deep green, lanceolate or subovate, bilaterally slightly asymmetrical, 2.5-6 × 1.2-2 cm, membranous or papery, abaxially tomentose and fascicled stellate when young, adaxially glabrous or sparsely hairy on midvein, lateral veins slender, slightly prominent on both sides, base cuneate, apex acuminate, margin sharply serrate; terminal leaflet usually deeply 3-lobed. Inflorescences terminal, male ones axillary, erect, 12-20 cm; peduncle short, often with rudimentary scales at base. Pedicels 1.2-2 cm; bracts 0.5-1 cm. Sepals 6-7 mm, grayish tomentose. Petals white, purplish red or yellow at base, ca. 2 × 0.7-1 cm, with evident veins, claw ciliate on both sides; hornlike appendage on disk orange, 4-5 mm. Stamens ca. 1.5 cm; filaments glabrous. Ovary grayish tomentose. Capsules black, shiny, ca. 1.8 cm. Fl. spring, fr. early autumn. 2n = 30.
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A small tree. It grows 8 m high. The bark is grey-brown and cracks into scaly ridges. It loses its leaves during the year. The leaves have leaflets along the stalk. The leaves are 30 cm long with up to 17 leaflets. These are narrowly oval and have teeth. The leaflets are 6 cm long and glossy green above. The flowers are white and have 5 petals. They are yellow to red at their bases. The fruit is a smooth thick-walled capsule. It is 6 cm across. It contains several pea sized seeds. The fruit are edible.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.5 - 2.5
Mature height (meter) 6.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It is native to northern China. It grows in thickets. It is cold resistant and drought tolerant. It suits hardiness zones 6-9.
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Thickets in drier areas, usually on shaded slopes.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-8

Usage

The leaves and flowers are boiled and eaten. They are also used for a tea like drink. The seeds are husked and the grains powdered and boiled and eaten.
Uses environmental use food material medicinal tea
Edible flowers leaves seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed, suckers or cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings suckers
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Xanthoceras sorbifolium unspecified picture

Distribution

Xanthoceras sorbifolium world distribution map, present in China

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785606-1
WFO ID wfo-0001135169
COL ID -
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Xanthoceras sorbifolium