Xylocarpus rumphii (Kostel.) Mabb.

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Meliaceae > Xylocarpus

Characteristics

Tree 4–12(–18) m with neither conspicuous buttresses nor pneumatophores; bole usually solitary, to 50 cm diam., frequently of poor form. Bark lenticellate to finely fissured, greyish; inner bark bright pink to red. Leaf rachis and petiole to 22 cm with terminal spike to 1 mm. Leaflets in 2–4 pairs, 5–10(–16) by (2–)3–5(–9.5) cm, ovate to cordate, sometimes ± falcate, base broadly cuneate or rounded to truncate or cordate, asymmetric, apex acute to acuminate; venation prominent on both surfaces in sicco, conspicuous in vivo; petiolule (0–)l–3(–5) mm. Thyrses 10–18(–28) cm long, lax, pendent, main axis distinct; lateral branches to 8 cm; bracts and bracteoles c. 0.5 mm, narrowly triangular, persistent; pedicels 3–8 mm, not conspicuously swollen near calyx. Calyx lobes 1–1.5 mm long. Petals 3.5–6 by 2–2.5 mm, elliptic-oblong, creamy white. Staminal tube 2–2.5 mm diam., lobes apiculate or bifid to retuse. Fruit 6–8 cm diam., globose. Seeds 8–16, 3.6–7 cm long. First leaves compound (Turner).
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Tree usually 4–12 m tall with usually solitary bole to 80 cm diam. and neither buttresses nor pneumatophores; bark lenticellate to finely fissured, greyish. Leaf rachis and petiole to  22 cm long with terminal spike 1 mm long. Leaflets 2–4 pairs, ovate to cordate, sometimes subfalcate, usually 5–10 cm long, 3–5 cm wide, broadly cuneate to cordate and asymmetric at base, acute to acuminate at apex; venation conspicuous; petiolules usually 1–3 mm long. Thyrses usually 10–18 cm long, lax, pendent; main axis distinct; lateral branches to 8 cm long; bracts and bracteoles persistent. Pseudopedicels 3–8 mm long, not conspicuously swollen beneath calyx lobes. Calyx lobes 1–1.5 mm long. Petals elliptic-oblong, 3.5–6 mm long, 2–2.5 mm wide, creamy white. Staminal tube 2–2.5 mm diam.; marginal lobes apiculate or bifid to retuse. Capsule globose, 6–8 cm diam. Seeds 6–16, 3.6–7 cm long; first leaves compound.
A small tree. It grows 4-12 m tall. The roots clasp large boulders on the rocky shore. The fruit are 8-10 cm across. They contain 5-20 seeds.
Life form -
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
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Mature height (meter) 4.0 - 12.0
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Environment

Cliffs and rocks near surf and sandy substrates above high watermark. Near mangrove swamps, along foreshores and in coastal thickets in New Guinea.
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It is a tropical plant. It suits the wet lowlands. It grows on cliffs near rocks and close to mangroves. It can tolerate salt.
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The peel of the fruit is added to soups.
Uses dye environmental use fuel material medicinal social use timber wood
Edible fruits
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Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
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Images

Fruit

Xylocarpus rumphii fruit picture by Noel Dionson (cc-by-sa)
Xylocarpus rumphii fruit picture by Noel Dionson (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Xylocarpus rumphii world distribution map, present in Australia, Indonesia, Cambodia, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, Solomon Islands, and Tonga

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911650-1
WFO ID wfo-0000428213
COL ID 5CKHH
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 673693
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Xylocarpus forstenii Carapa rumphii Aglaia zollingeri Xylocarpus rumphii