Zygodon runcinatus Müll.Hal.

Species

Bryophytes > Orthotrichales > Orthotrichaceae > Zygodon

Characteristics

Plants medium-sized, caespitose, yellowish green or olivaceous above, brown to dark brown below; saxicolous to terricolous. Stems to 40 mm tall, branching dichotomously or by subperichaetial or subperigonial innovations, sparsely tomentose below; rhizoids smooth to coarsely papillose, red-brown or red; in section pentagonal to subround, inner cortex 7-14 cells across, thin-walled to incrassate, smaller towards outside, outer cortical cells smaller, in 1-4 rows, substereids or stereids. Leaves ± crowded, ± equal in size, erect to appressed when dry, widespreading to squarrose-recurved from ± sheathing bases when wet, in 5 indistinct rows, spiralled around stem; ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 1.4-3.0(-3.6) mm long; ventral surface keeled; apex acute to acuminate, toothed; base ovate to oblong, ± sheathing, margins decurrent; margins plane, serrate to strongly serrate in upper half to two-thirds, teeth frequently multicellular, unistratose with bistratose patches, thickened. Costa ending below apex to subpercurrent, ventral and dorsal superficial cells rounded to elongate, incrassate; in section round, bulging dorsally, lamina ventrally inserted, not differentiated or 2-4 ventral guide cells larger, ventral stereid band absent, dorsal cells in 1-3 rows, incrassate to stereids, with dorsal teeth distally, teeth multicellular. Upper laminal cells small, irregularly rounded-hexagonal, flat, (7.0-)8.5-12.5(-14.0) µm, smooth to papillose, 1-4 papillae scattered over lumen, small, low; basal cells rhomboidal to rectangular, thin-walled to incrassate, smooth or walls papillose. Gemmae axillary, sub-clavate, uniseriate, with transverse septa. Dioicous. Perigonia terminal, leaves broadly ovate to orbicular. Perichaetia terminal; inner leaves oblong-acuminate or ovate-acuminate to lanceolate, 1.2-2.5(-2.8) mm long; apex acuminate; margins plane, entire to crenulate above; costa frequently weak, ending below apex; laminal cells rounded to vermiculate above, vermicu late below, occasionally papillose. Seta 3-5 mm long, yellowish or brownish. Capsule exserted, erect, elliptical or narrowly pyriform, 8-ribbed, urn 1.0-1.8 mm long, neck 0.3-0.6 mm long; exothecial cells rectangular to quadrate, irregularly incrassate, smaller at mouth, rounded-quadrate, cells of ribs differentiated; annulus deciduous. Peristome double, recurved when dry; exostome teeth in 8 pairs, narrowly triangular or lanceolate, fused below, perforated above, 180-300 µm long, densely papillose above, striolate-papillose below, yellowish or yellowish brown; endostome segments alternating with teeth pairs, linear, minutely papillose or smooth, pale yellow or hyaline, basal membrane low or absent. Operculum 0.5 mm long, oblique. Calyptra 2.5-3.0 mm long, smooth, naked. Spores 15.0-22.5 µm.
Life form -
Growth form -
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality -
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.04
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Zygodon runcinatus world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID 35128482
WFO ID wfo-0001162170
COL ID 5DB5B
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Zygodon runcinatus