Afzelia xylocarpa (Kurz) Craib

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Afzelia

Characteristics

Trees, 15-25 m tall, sometimes to 40 m tall. Trunk ca. 90 cm d.b.h. Bark brown. Petiolules short, less than 5 mm; leaflets 3-5 pairs, opposite, ovate or broadly elliptic to suborbicular, 4-14 × 3.5-6 cm, papery, base rounded and slightly oblique, apex rounded or emarginate. Inflorescence densely grayish yellow-green or grayish white puberulent; bracts and bracteoles per-sistent, ovate or triangular-ovate, equal in size, ca. 6 mm. Calyx tube 1-1.3 cm; lobes elliptic, 1-1.5 cm, apex rounded. Petal pale purple, obovate to suborbicular; claw white villous. Sta­mens 7, united at base; filaments exserted, 3-3.5 cm, pubescent in lower part. Ovary narrowly oblong, hairy; style elongated and exserted. Legume blackish brown, compressed, oblong, 11-17 × 7-8.5 cm, hard. Seeds 2-5, deep brownish red, shiny, slightly compressed, ovoid or suborbicular, ca. 2 cm. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Nov-Dec.
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A tree. It grows to 30 m high. It loses its leaves during the year. The trunk is stout and up to 1 m across. The crown is rounded. The tree is usually divided near the base into large spreading branches. The bark is pale grey and slightly rough. The leaves are 18-25 cm long with 3-5 pairs of opposite leaflets. These are 5-9 cm long by 4-5 cm wide. The flowers are about 3 cm across and in branched clusters at the ends of the twigs. They have bright green sepals and one bright red petals. The fruit is a pod 12-20 cm long by 7-9 cm wide and dull brown. It split into 2 sections with 2-4 seeds. The seeds are black with a fleshy orange coat.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 20.0 - 25.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer present
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Dense forest, and in transitional areas between evergreen and dry open dipterocarp forest. Found in mixed deciduous or dry evergreen forest on clayey or laterite soils at elevations from 100-600 metres.
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It is a tropical plant. It grows between 100-650 m above sea level in areas with a uniform rainfall. In XTBG Yunnan.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The young seeds are eaten.
Uses charcoal material medicinal timber wood
Edible leaves seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown by seeds.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Afzelia xylocarpa habit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Afzelia xylocarpa habit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Afzelia xylocarpa leaf picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Afzelia xylocarpa leaf picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Afzelia xylocarpa leaf picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Afzelia xylocarpa world distribution map, present in China, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Thailand, and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Afzelia xylocarpa threat status: Endangered

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473084-1
WFO ID wfo-0000186209
COL ID 65JBJ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Afzelia xylocarpa Pahudia xylocarpa Afzelia siamica Afzelia cochinchinensis Pahudia cochinchinensis