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Perennial, rhizomatous; rhizomes tough, scaly, spreading. Culms loosely tufted, ascending to prostrate at base, rooting and branching from lower nodes, up to 130 cm tall. Leaf sheaths smooth or scaberulous; leaf blades linear, flat, 5–30 cm × 3–10 mm, scabrid, apex acuminate; ligule on tillers 1.5–6 mm, as long as or longer than wide, toothed. Panicle oblong or conical in outline, 8–25 cm, contracted at first, open after anthesis; branches 5 or more per node, spreading, very scabrous, bearing branchlets nearly to base, spikelets clustered at the branch apices. Spikelets 2–3 mm, yellowish green or purplish; glumes elliptic-lanceolate, subequal or lower glume slightly longer, scabrid or pilosulous along upper keel and margins, apex acute; callus hairs 0.2–0.4 mm; lemma 2/3–3/4 spikelet length, glabrous, usually awnless, apex obtuse; palea 1/2–3/4 length of lemma. Anthers 1–1.5 mm. Fl. and fr. summer and autumn.
Rhizomatous and sod-forming, to 10 or even 15 dm, not stoloniferous; larger (upper) ligules mostly 2.5–6 mm, higher than wide; lvs 3–8 mm wide; panicle 10–20 cm, notably suffused with purplish-red, at anthesis triangular-ovoid, with widely spreading, unequal branches, sometimes later more contracted; at least some of the panicle-branches floriferous to the base; panicle-branches and often even the pedicels scabrous; spikelets rather crowded, 2–3.5 mm; glumes scabrous along the keel; lemma two-thirds as long as the glumes, distally scabrous, awnless or seldom with a short dorsal awn; callus minutely bearded; palea half to two-thirds as long as the lemma; anthers 0.8–1.5 mm; 2n=42. Native of Europe, cult. and escaped into moist meadows, shores, coastal marshes, and other moist places throughout most of the U.S. and s. Can. (A. alba, misapplied; A. stolonifera var. major)
Rhizomatous and caespitose perennial. Culms to 150 cm high, 4–6-noded; mid-culm internodes glabrous. Leaves scattered: basal sheaths glabrous or scabrous; ligule 1.5–6 mm long, obtuse or truncate, erose or laciniate; blade flat, linear, to 20 cm long, 1–6 (–8) mm wide. Panicles open, to 30 cm long, exserted; primary branches spreading, bare at base. Spikelets 2–3 mm long. Glumes subequal, 2–3 mm long. Lemma ovate, 1.5–2 mm long, shortly dentate or entire, sometimes awned or aristate, 3 (–5)-nerved, glabrous; awn shorter than body of lemma, arising from upper half, not twisted. Palea fully developed, 50–65% length of lemma, shortly bifid. Anthers 1–1.5 mm long.
Perennial, 400-750 mm high; usually stoloniferous, sometimes rhizomatous; culm erect. Leaf blade up to 90 x 3-5 mm, flat; ligule an unfringed membrane. Inflorescence an open panicle, 70-200 mm long, branches ascending. Spikelet 1.5-2.5 mm long, laterally compressed, disarticulating above glumes; glumes ± equal, as long as to longer than spikelet, lanceolate, acute, 1-nerved, keels scabrid on the above. Floret 1, bisexual, rachilla not produced; lemma less firm than glumes, glabrous, 4-nerved; awnless or rarely minutely awned; palea 1/2 as long as lemma; callus glabrous; anther 1.0-1.5 mm long. Flowering time Nov.-Apr.
Perennial 400-750 mm high, rhizomes present or absent; culm erect. Leaf blade to 90 x 3-5 mm, flat. Inflorescence 70-200 mm long, open, branches ascending. Spikelet 1.5-2.5 mm long; rachilla not produced; glume 2.0-3.5 mm long, lanceolate, acute, greenish or purple-tinged, keels scabrid; lemma glabrous, 3-5-nerved; awnless or rarely minutely awned; palea 1/2 as long as lemma; callus glabrous to minutely tufted hairy; anther 1.0-1.5 mm long.
Perennial, usually stoloniferous (culms decumbent), up to 0.75 m high. Leaf blades up to 90 mm long, 3-5 mm wide. Spikelets 1.5-2.5 mm long. Panicle open, 70-200 mm long, branches ascending; rhachilla not produced; lemmas glabrous.
Perennial, usually stoloniferous (culms decumbent), up to 0.75 m high. Leaf blades up to 90 mm long, 3-5 mm wide. Spikelets 1.5-2.5 mm long. Panicle open, 70-200 mm long, branches ascending; rhachilla not produced; lemmas glabrous.
