Albizia gummifera (J.F.Gmel.) C.A.Sm.

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Albizia

Characteristics

Medium or large tree up to 30 m. high; crown flattened; bark smooth, very rarely rough, grey.. Young branchlets finely and shortly brownish-pubescent, soon glabrescent and usually deep or blackish-purple, ultimately grey-barked.. Leaves: pinnae (Fig. 22/1, p. 163) 5–7(–8) pairs (rarely only 3 on occasional reduced leaves), each pinna more or less narrowing upwards; leaflets of 2 distal pairs of pinnae 9–16(–17 fide I.T.U., ed. 2) pairs, obliquely rhombic-quadrate to rhombic-subfalcate, mostly about 10–20(–25) mm. long, 4–8(–13) mm. wide, auricled or sometimes not on proximal side, obtuse to acute at apex, subglabrous or somewhat pubescent on midrib and margins, rarely, especially when young, some occasional hairs on the primary lateral nerves; raised venation beneath lax.. Stipules and bracts at base of peduncles lanceolate, up to about 6–7 mm. long and 2–2.5 mm. wide.. Peduncles puberulous or finely pubescent; bracteoles mostly caducous, linear, inconspicuous, (1–)2–6 mm. long, normally shorter than the flower-buds except when extremely young.. Flowers subsessile; pedicels puberulous or sometimes glabrous, 0.25–0.75(–1) mm. long.. Calyx 2.5–5 (very rarely indeed 1.5–2) mm. long, minutely, shortly, and rather appressedly brownish-pubescent to subglabrous outside.. Corolla 6.5–12 mm. long, minutely pubescent outside, white.. Staminal tube exserted about 1.5–2.8 cm. beyond corolla, white below, crimson above.. Pod oblong, flat or slightly transversely plicate, (8–)10–21 cm. long, 2–3.4 cm. wide (to 4 cm. wide, fide I.T.U. ed. 2), glabrescent, glossy, eglandular, less prominently and closely venose than in A. adianthifolia, pale brown to reddish-brown or purplish.. Seeds 9–12 mm. long, 10 mm. wide, flattened.
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Leaves: pinnae 5-7(8) pairs (rarely only 3 on occasional reduced leaves), each pinna ± narrowing upwards; leaflets of 2 distal pairs of pinnae 9-16(17) pairs, mostly c. 10-20(25) x 4-8(13) mm., obliquely rhombic-quadrate to rhombic-subfalcate, auricled (or sometimes not, but not in our area) on the proximal side, obtuse to acute at the apex, subglabrous or somewhat pubescent on the midrib and margins, rarely, especially when young, some occasional hairs on the primary lateral nerves; raised venation beneath lax.
A large spreading tree. It grows 30 m high. It is flat-topped. There are 2 varieties and it can form hybrids. It usually has smooth bark. The branches have fine hairs. The leaves are twice divided with 5-7 pairs of leaflet stalks and 9-16 pairs of leaflets. The leaflets are only hairy underneath along the midrib. The flowers are in half round heads. They are white. The fruit is a pod which is pale brown or reddish.
Medium or large tree up to 30 m. high; crown flattened; bark smooth, very rarely rough, grey; young branchlets finely and shortly brownish-pubescent, soon glabrescent and usually deep-or blackish-purple, ultimately grey-barked.
Pod dehiscent, (8)10-23·6 x 2-3·4(4) cm., oblong, flat or slightly transversely plicate, glabrescent, glossy, eglandular, less prominently and closely venose than in A. adianthifolia, pale-brown to reddish-brown or purplish.
Peduncles puberulous or finely pubescent; bracteoles mostly caducous, linear, inconspicuous, (1)2-6 mm. long, normally shorter than the flower-buds except when extremely young.
Calyx 2·5-5 (very rarely indeed 1·5-2·5) mm. long, minutely, shortly and rather appressedly brownish-pubescent to subglabrous outside.
Flowers subsessile; pedicels puberulous or sometimes glabrous, 0·25-0·75(1) mm. long.
Staminal tube exserted c. 1·5-2·8 cm. beyond the corolla, white below, crimson above.
Stipules and bracts at base of peduncles lanceolate, up to c. 6-7 x 2-2·5 mm.
Corolla 6·5-12 mm. long, minutely pubescent outside, white.
Seeds 8-12 x 8-10 mm., flattened.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 30.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Rainforest and riverine forest, sometimes also in savannah vegetation close to forest, usually at higher elevations up to 2,500 metres, but sometimes descending to near sea-level.
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It is a tropical plant. It grows in high altitude forests. In Malawi it grows between 900-2,000 m altitude.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-5
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses charcoal environmental use food fuel material medicinal shade wood
Edible barks leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds. Fresh seeds grow easily but stored seeds need to be put into hot water and allowed to cool before sowing to break the hard seed coat. Seeds can be collected direct from the tree.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Albizia gummifera unspecified picture

Distribution

Albizia gummifera world distribution map, present in Angola, Brazil, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Malawi, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Albizia gummifera threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473259-1
WFO ID wfo-0000183535
COL ID BG6W
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Albizia gummifera Albizia laevicorticata Albizia ealaensis Sassa gummifera Mimosa coronillifolia Albizia sassa Albizia mearnsii Acacia coronillifolia Albizia gummifera var. gummifera