Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth.

Woman's tongue (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Albizia

Characteristics

Erect, branched, deciduous tree, 30 m high; d.b.h. 90 cm; bole up to 15 m. Stipules inconspicuous. Leaves: rachis 5-10 cm, with a gland 1.5 cm above the base and often additional ones at the junction of some of the pinnae, elliptic, concave, sessile, c. 3 mm; pinnae 1—4(—5) pairs, up to 9 cm, with glands at the junctions of the petiolules, circular, sessile, up to 0.5 mm in diameter; petiolules up to 1 mm; leaflets 3—6(—11) pairs per pinna, opposite, chartaceous, asymmetrically trapezoid, rhomboid, or obovate-oblong, 1.5-5.5 (-6.5) by (0.6-)0.9-3.5 cm, base asymmetrically broadly cuneate to truncate or obliquely cordate, apex rounded to truncate, main vein distant by ⅓-¼ of the width of the leaflet from the front margin, upper surface glabrous to puberulous, lower surface tomentose to glabrous. Inflorescence consisting of 2 or more pedunculate corymbs in the distal leaf-axils or arranged in a short raceme at the end of branches, peduncle 10 cm, tomentose to sparsely puberulous, with corymbs composed of c. 15-40 pedicellate dimorphic flowers. Marginal flowers pentamerous, pedicel to 4(-7.5) mm. Calyx greenish yellow, funnel-shaped, (2.5-)3.5-5 mm, puberulous, teeth narrowly triangular, acute, 0.75-1 mm. Corolla greenish yellow, funnel-shaped, (5.5-) 7.5-11 mm, tube glabrous, lobes broadly ovate, acute, 2.5-4 mm, puberulous at the apex. Stamens white to yellow at base, pale green or yellowish green towards the top, 15-30 mm, tube shorter than the corolla tube, 4-5 mm. Ovary sessile, 3-4 mm, glabrous. Pod pale straw-coloured to brownish, oblong, gradually narrowing towards both ends, (12-)20-35 by (2.4-)3-5.5(-6.5) cm, dehiscing along both sutures; valves chartaceous, strongly bullate over the seeds, veins inconspicuous. Seeds elliptic(-oblong) in outline, to 10 by 6-7 by 1-1.5 mm, areole c. 5 by 2 mm, pleurogram parallel to the margins, open towards hilum.
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Small or moderate, spreading tree, the branchlets puberulent when young soon becoming glabrous, conspicuously white-lenticellate. Leaves moderately large, mostly bipinnate, the pinnae 2-4 pairs opposite on the rachis, the leaflets 4-9 pairs; petiole 2-10 cm. long, glabrous, bearing on the upper side below the middle a sessile, oblong, concave gland; primary rachis similar, to the petiole, sulcate above, often bearing a sessile, scutelliform gland at insertion of the upper pair of pinnae; pinnular rachis similar, bearing at or just below the upper 2-3 rachial nodes glands like the gland of the petiole; leaflets opposite, asymmetrically oblong, 2-4 cm. long and mostly 1-2 cm. wide, rounded-subtruncate to obtuse apically, obtuse and very inequilateral basally, essentially glabrous above and below. Inflorescence of many long-pedunculate umbels axillary from the subterminal nodes (2-3 per node); peduncles 3-10 cm. long, sparingly puberulent; umbels dense, globose, the pedicels mostly about 2 mm. long, the bractlets minute. Flowers cream-colored, fragrant; calyx funnelform, about 4 mm. long, unequally toothed or cleft, golden-tomentulose apically; corolla funnelform, 6-7 mm. long, puberulent, the teeth prominent; stamens many, as much as 3 cm. long, glabrous, the staminal tube well included; ovary glabrous. Legume broadly linear or narrowly oblong, usually 15 or more cm. long and 3-5 cm. wide, very thin and dry, glabrous, thinly mar-gined, transversely striate; seeds few, transverse.
Tree to 15 m high with a rounded crown. Bark grey to light brown, rough; young branchlets glabrous or pubescent. Leaves subglabrous, puberulous or pubescent: petiole 4-8 cm long, usually with a raised gland a short distance above the pulvinus; rhachis (0)1.3-8(20) cm long, usually with a gland just below the junction of the top pinna pair; pinnae (1)2-4(5) pairs; rhachillae 4-11(16) cm long, often with a small gland below the junction of each leaflet pair; leaflets 3-9(11) pairs, 15-45 x (6)8-24 mm, obliquely oblong or elliptic-oblong (terminal leaflets ± obovate), somewhat asymmetric with the midrib nearer the upper margin, rounded or somewhat emarginate apically, glabrous or rarely thinly pubescent above, glabrous to pubescent beneath. Inflorescences globose; peduncles 4-8 cm long, sparingly puberulous to pubescent. Flowers whitish, on pedicels 1.5-4.5 mm long; bracteoles 2-3 mm long, rapidly deciduous. Calyx (2.5)3.5-5 mm long, grey-to fulvous-pubescent. Corolla 5.5-9 mm long, glabrous except for puberulence towards the apices of the lobes. Stamens 1.5-2.5 cm long, united basally for ±5 mm, tube not or scarcely exserted beyond the corolla. Ovary ±2 mm long, glabrous. Pods straw-coloured to light brown, (9)12-25(33) x 3-4.5 cm, oblong, valves coriaceous, glabrous or almost so, glossy, ± venose, conspicuously umbonate over the seeds, margins thickened, very tardily dehiscent and often only after falling to the ground. Seeds 7-11.5 x 7-9 mm, flattened.
Trees, deciduous, 8-12 m tall. Bark rough. Branchlets mi­nutely pubescent, glabrous when old. Stipules caducous, small; leaf rachis with disklike glands near base and at base of pinnae, pubescent or glabrous; pinnae 2-4 pairs, 6-15 cm; leaflets 4-8 pairs, narrowly elliptic or slightly obliquely oblong, 2-4.5 × (0.9-)1.3-2 cm, both surfaces glabrous or abaxially sparsely finely pubescent, main vein slightly closer to upper margin, apex obtuse or retuse. Peduncles axillary, 2 or more together, to 10 cm; corymbs 30-40-flowered. Flowers dimorphic, fragrant; pedicels 3-4 mm, puberulent. Calyx funnel-shaped, ca. 4 mm, puberulent, with short teeth. Corolla green-yellow, funnel-shaped, 7-8 mm; lobes deltoid-ovate. Stamens white or light yellow-green; tube shorter than corolla tube. Ovary glabrous, sessile. Legume straw-colored, strap-shaped, flat, 15-28 × 2.5-4.5 cm, remaining on trees long after ripening. Seeds brown, 4-12, ellipsoidal, ca. 10 × 6-7 mm; pleurogram parallel to mar­gins of seed. Fl. May-Sep, fr. Oct-May of following year. 2n = 26*.
Tree 2.5-30 m tall; bark rough, grey and corky. Leaves: axes with gland on petiole and smaller ones between upper pairs of leaflets, glabrous or puberulous; pinnae 2-4-jugate. Leaflets 3-7 (-13)-jugate, subsessile, inequilaterally oval or oblong, 1.5-4.5 cm long, 0.6-3.5 cm wide, glabrous or ±tomentulose-pilose beneath; upper and lower surfaces concolorous; apex rounded, retuse or emarginate. Inflorescence in axils of upper leaves, a simple corymb of 15-40 flowers, puberulous or tomentulose; peduncles 5.5-10 cm long. Flowers pedicellate, greenish yellow; calyx 2.5-5 mm long, puberulous; corolla 5.5-10 mm long, puberulous or glabrous. Pod oblong, flat, raised over seeds, 19-28 cm long, 3-5.5 cm wide, coriaceous, stramineous, glabrous. Seeds compressed, circular to oval, 8-10 mm long, 6-9 mm wide, ±tan.
A tree. It grows 18-30 m tall. The trunk can be 1 m across. The leaves are twice divided. They are 8-15 cm long with 4 pairs of pinnae and each one has 6-18 leaflets. The flowers are white. The flowers have several long stamens 3-4 cm long and they have a sweet smell. The fruit is a pod 15-30 cm long and 3-5 cm wide. There are 6 to 12 seeds.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 15.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

In W.A. found in coastal and near-coastal monsoon forest and vine thickets, sometimes in savannah woodland, often along watercourses, in sand, clay-sand and lateritic clay, often in association with basalt and less commonly limestone.
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It is a tropical plant. It does not occur on atolls. In Townsville Queens BG.
Tropical to subtropical sandy river beds and savannahs.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

Uses Planted as a shade tree because of the rather short trunk and wide crown. Bark pounded used for soap in Java; the bark contains tannins. Foliage used for fodder. Wood moderately hard, rather durable; it seasons well and is used for furniture and general construction.
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The young leaf tips are cooked and eaten. They are boiled. They have little taste.
Uses alcohol animal food bee plant charcoal coffee substitute dye environmental use fixation of sand dunes fodder food forage fuel green manure gum insecticide invertebrate food leaf vegetable material medicinal non-vertebrate poison ornamental poison shade tanning timber wood
Edible flowers leaves seeds shoots
Therapeutic use Analgesics (bark), Anthelmintics (bark), Anti-bacterial agents (bark), Antidotes (bark), Anti-inflammatory agents (bark), Antipruritics (bark), Aphrodisiacs (bark), Asthma (bark), Astringents (bark), Bronchitis (bark), Common cold (bark), Conjunctivitis (bark), Conjunctivitis, allergic (bark), Cough (bark), Dermatomycoses (bark), Diarrhea (bark), Dyspnea (bark), Eczema (bark), Edema (bark), Erysipelas (bark), Exanthema (bark), Expectorants (bark), Eye diseases (bark), Fever (bark), Gonorrhea (bark), Graves ophthalmopathy (bark), Headache (bark), Hematologic diseases (bark), Hemorrhage (bark), Hemorrhoids (bark), Hypersensitivity (bark), Hypoglycemic agents (bark), Inflammation (bark), Leprosy (bark), Malaria (bark), Migraine disorders (bark), Neuralgia (bark), Night blindness (bark), Anti-poisoning (bark), Pruritus (bark), General tonic for rejuvenation (bark), Rhinitis (bark), Rhinitis, allergic, seasonal (bark), Scorpion stings (bark), Sinusitis (bark), Skin diseases (bark), Snake bites (bark), Sprains and strains (bark), Tuberculosis, lymph node (bark), Ulcer (bark), Urticaria (bark), Vasodilator agents (bark), Vitiligo (bark), Wounds and injuries (bark), Depurative (bark), Asthma (flower), Bronchitis (flower), Cough (flower), Pulmonary eosinophilia (flower), Antineoplastic agents (fruit), Antiprotozoal agents (fruit), Hypoglycemic agents (fruit), Spermatocidal agents (fruit), Blindness (leaf), Blister (leaf), Diarrhea (leaf), Edema (leaf), Endophthalmitis (leaf), Furunculosis (leaf), Hemorrhoids (leaf), Joint diseases (leaf), Night blindness (leaf), General tonic for rejuvenation (leaf), Antifungal agents (root), Antineoplastic agents (root), Cardiovascular system (root), Endophthalmitis (root), Hypoglycemic agents (root), Leprosy, lepromatous (root), Migraine disorders (root), Parasympatholytics (root), Periodontal diseases (root), Spermatocidal agents (root), Abortifacient agents (seed), Anticonvulsants (seed), Anti-inflammatory agents (seed), Antineoplastic agents (seed), Aphrodisiacs (seed), Astringents (seed), Common cold (seed), Contraceptive agents (seed), Cough (seed), Diarrhea (seed), Diuretics (seed), Disorder of ejaculation (seed), Fertility agents (seed), Gonorrhea (seed), Graves ophthalmopathy (seed), Hematologic diseases (seed), Hemorrhoids (seed), Hypoglycemic agents (seed), Hypotension (seed), Hysteria (seed), Inflammation (seed), Leprosy (seed), Night blindness (seed), Anti-poisoning (seed), General tonic for rejuvenation (seed), Sinusitis (seed), Skin diseases (seed), Spermatocidal agents (seed), Tuberculosis, lymph node (seed), Vitiligo (seed), Insecticides (shoot), Contraceptive agents (stem), Ephemeral fever virus, bovine (stem), Lung (unspecified), Pectoral (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Tumor(Abdomen) (unspecified), Cough (unspecified), Flu (unspecified), Rejuvenation (unspecified), Anticonvulsants (unspecified), Antineoplastic agents (unspecified), Aphrodisiacs (unspecified), Asthma (unspecified), Astringents (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Edema (unspecified), Erysipelas (unspecified), Exanthema (unspecified), Expectorants (unspecified), Furunculosis (unspecified), Hemorrhoids (unspecified), Hypersensitivity (unspecified), Inflammation (unspecified), Scorpion stings (unspecified), Skin diseases (unspecified), Snake bites (unspecified), Anti-bacterial agents (whole plant), Antiprotozoal agents (whole plant), Asthma (whole plant), Bronchitis (whole plant), Cough (whole plant), Dermatitis (whole plant), Dysentery (whole plant), Hemorrhoids (whole plant), Hypersensitivity (whole plant), Pulmonary eosinophilia (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed. Seed germinate best if put in hot water first. Trees can also be grown from stem or root cuttings. It should be in a sunny location. Trees can be cut back and will re-grow.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -7
Optimum temperature (C°) 26 - 36
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Albizia lebbeck habit picture by doumé (cc-by-sa)
Albizia lebbeck habit picture by doumé (cc-by-sa)
Albizia lebbeck habit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Albizia lebbeck leaf picture by Audrey Raoul (cc-by-sa)
Albizia lebbeck leaf picture by chervech (cc-by-sa)
Albizia lebbeck leaf picture by Ankit Pathak (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Albizia lebbeck flower picture by dominoel dominoel (cc-by-sa)
Albizia lebbeck flower picture by Pauline-France maurel (cc-by-sa)
Albizia lebbeck flower picture by Ankit Pathak (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Albizia lebbeck fruit picture by Olivier Pardo (cc-by-sa)
Albizia lebbeck fruit picture by Schnieper Víctor (cc-by-sa)
Albizia lebbeck fruit picture by Ivanot Estenoz Mendoza (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Albizia lebbeck world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Angola, Argentina, American Samoa, Australia, Benin, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Bangladesh, Bahamas, Belize, Bermuda, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Bhutan, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Colombia, Comoros, Cuba, Djibouti, Egypt, Ethiopia, Fiji, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea, Guatemala, French Guiana, Guyana, Indonesia, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Jamaica, Kenya, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Liberia, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Maldives, Mexico, Marshall Islands, Mali, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Mozambique, Mauritius, Malawi, Malaysia, Mayotte, Niger, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Nepal, New Zealand, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Paraguay, Réunion, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Singapore, Sierra Leone, El Salvador, Somalia, Suriname, Seychelles, Chad, Togo, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Albizia lebbeck threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:99109-3
WFO ID wfo-0000184271
COL ID BG7V
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 447348
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Acacia speciosa Mimosa flexuosa Pithecellobium splitgerberianum Acacia macrophylla Inga leucoxylon Inga borbonica Acacia lebbeck Mimosa seeressa Feuilleea lebbek Acacia lebbek Mimosa lebbek Mimosa lebbeck Mimosa speciosa Mimosa lebbeck Acacia seeressa Albizia speciosa Albizia lebbeck var. pubescens Albizia lebbeck var. rostrata Albizia lebbeck var. leucoxylon Albizia latifolia Mimosa sirissa Albizia lebbeck