Aletris spicata (Thunb.) Franch.

Species

Angiosperms > Dioscoreales > Nartheciaceae > Aletris

Characteristics

Leaves numerous, densely tufted, linear, 5--30 cm × 2--4(--5) mm. Scape 15--70 cm. Raceme 5--35 cm, laxly 10--80-flowered; rachis densely pubescent. Flowers subsessile; pedicel absent to 1(--2) mm, densely pubescent; bract and bracteole borne on distal part of pedicel, linear-lanceolate, proximally pubescent; bract 4--8 mm, shorter than or equaling flower (sometimes a few bracts at base of raceme to 2 × flower length, rarely all bracts exceeding flowers), apex acute. Perianth white, yellowish white, or yellowish green, sometimes striped or apically tinged pink, 4--7 mm, densely pubescent, rarely sparsely so; tube oblong-urceolate; lobes ± erect, linear-lanceolate, 1.5--3 × ca. 0.5 mm, usually ca. 1 × tube length or shorter, apex acute. Capsule turbinate, obovoid, or oblong-obovoid, distinctly angular, 3--5 × 2--3 mm, abruptly constricted distally when dehisced, apex of valves ± gradually narrowed; style ca. 1 mm; stigma not or only slightly thickened. Fl. Mar--Aug, Nov, fr. May--Aug. 2 n = 26, 52*.
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Leaves glabrous, usually erect, thinner than in A. foliolosa, usually 7-20 cm by 1-3 mm; veins 3, well-spaced. Peduncles 25-60 cm, glandular pubescent at least in the upper part, rigid, with 6-15 narrow-lanceolate sterile bracts to 5 cm long; fertile bracts 30-70, lanceolate, 3-8 mm long; bracteoles similar to the bracts but shorter; pedicels 0-1 mm, not greatly elongating in fruit, rather abruptly expanding to the base of the ovary. Perianth segments white, sometimes pink towards the tip, glandular pubescent, connate to one-third of their length, arising near the apex of the ovary, oblong, subacute, 2.5-3 by c. 1 mm. Anthers orange, to c. ½ mm long, subsessile, attached near middle of perianth. Ovary c. 2 mm long, oblong to obovoid; style c. 1 mm, minutely 3-lobed. Capsule obovoid, 5 mm long.
A perennial plant 30 cm high. There are many leaves tufted together. They are very narrow. They are 5-30 cm long by 2-4 mm wide. The flowering stalk is 5-35 cm long and has 10-80 flowers in a loose cluster. This stalk is densely hairy. The flowers can be yellow or white. They can be striped or tinged pink. The fruit is a capsule which is oval and angular. It is 3-5 mm long by 2-3 mm wide.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.15
Mature height (meter) 0.3
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows naturally in low hills in Japan. It prefers a damp sunny position with leaf mould. In China it grows in grassland and scrub between 100-2900 m altitude in many provinces. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
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Hills and low mountains in C. and S. Japan. Forests, thicket margins, scrub, grasslands, streamsides, roadsides; at elevations from 100-2,900 metres in China.
Hills and low mountains in C. and S. Japan. Forests, thicket margins, scrub, grasslands, streamsides, roadsides; at elevations from 100-2,900 metres in China.
Among grasses above (1000-)1600-2300 m, usually in pine forest, but often in open places. Fl. Jan.-Dec.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity 2-5
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-9

Usage

The young leaves are cooked and eaten as an emergency food. They are eaten with oil and salt. The whole plant is boiled with sugar to make a drink given to mothers to improve their milk quality.
Uses brewing medicinal oil
Edible bulbs leaves roots
Therapeutic use Ache(Stomach) (unspecified), Colic (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Purgative (unspecified), Rheumatism (unspecified), Sedative (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Stomachic (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Stomach (unspecified), Ache(Back) (unspecified), Breast (unspecified), Emetic (unspecified), Uterus (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Ascariasis (unspecified), Hemoptysis (unspecified), Marasmus (unspecified), Cough (unspecified), Larvicide (unspecified), Lung (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed or by division of the clump.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) 20
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Aletris spicata unspecified picture

Distribution

Aletris spicata world distribution map, present in Angola, China, Japan, Philippines, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), and Taiwan, Province of China

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:429565-1
WFO ID wfo-0000755359
COL ID BPJS
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Hypoxis farinosa Aletris japonica Aletris spicata Aletris farinosa Aletris spicata var. microantha Hypoxis spicata