Alyssum alyssoides L.

Yellow alyssum (en), Herbe de la rage (fr), Alysson à calice persistant (fr), Alysson faux alysson (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Brassicales > Brassicaceae > Alyssum

Characteristics

Herbs annual, 5-35(-50) cm tall, canescent with appressed, sessile, 6-10-rayed stellate trichomes, these mixed with simple and forked ones on pedicels and sepals. Stems erect, ascending, or decumbent, 1 to several from the base. Cauline leaves subsessile or lowermost shortly petiolate; leaf blade narrowly oblanceolate or linear, sometimes spatulate or obovate, 3-4(-4.5) cm × (0.5-)1-3.5(-5) mm, base attenuate or cuneate, apex obtuse or acute. Fruiting pedicels divaricate or ascending, 2-5(-6) mm, slender, straight, covered with stellate trichomes mixed with fewer, simple and forked ones. Sepals oblong, (1.5-)2-3 × 0.7-1.1 mm, persistent, pubescent as pedicels. Petals white or pale yellow, linear to linear-oblanceolate, rarely obovate, 2-3(-4) × 0.3-0.7(-1) mm, glabrous or sparsely stellate outside, often persistent, apex emarginate. Filaments 1-1.5 mm, slender, neither appendaged nor toothed; anthers ovate, 0.15-0.2 mm. Ovules 2 per locule. Fruit orbicular, (2-)3-4(-5) mm in diam., apex emarginate or truncate; valves not veined, uniformly inflated at center, strongly flattened at margins, sparsely stellate; style 0.3-0.6(-1) mm, slender, usually glabrous. Seeds 1 or 2 per locule, oblong or ovate, 1.1-2 × 0.7-1.1 mm, compressed, narrowly margined all around, margin ca. 0.1 mm wide. Fl. and fr. May-Jul. 2n = 32.
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Annuals; canescent throughout, trichomes appressed, 6-10-rayed, mixed with simple and forked on pedicels and sepals. Stems simple or few to several from base, erect, ascending, or decumbent, (unbranched or branched distally), 0.5-3.5 (-5) dm. Cauline leaves subsessile or (proximal) shortly petiolate; blade usually narrowly oblanceolate to linear, sometimes spatulate or obovate, 3-4(-4.5) cm × (0.5-) 1-3.5(-5) mm, base attenuate or cuneate, apex obtuse or acute. Fruiting pedicels divaricate or ascending, straight, slender, 2-5(-6) mm, trichomes stellate, with fewer, simple and forked ones. Flowers: sepals (persistent) oblong, (1.5-)2-3 × 0.7-1.1 mm, pubescent as pedicels; petals (often persistent) white or pale yellow, usually linear to linear-oblanceolate, rarely obovate, 2-3(-4) × 0.3-0.7(-1) mm, apex emarginate, glabrous or sparsely stellate-pubescent abaxially; filaments (slender) not appendaged, toothed, or winged, 1-1.5 mm; anthers ovate, 0.15-0.2 mm. Fruits orbicular, (2-)3-4(-5) mm diam., apex emarginate or truncate; valves uniformly inflated at middle, strongly flattened at margins, sparsely stellate-pubescent; ovules 2 per ovary; style (slender), 0.3-0.6(-1) mm, basally stellate-pubescent or glabrous. Seeds oblong to ovoid, compressed, 1.1-2 × 0.7-1.1 mm, margins narrow, ca. 0.1 mm wide. 2n = 32.
Annual herb; stems erect, leafy, branched below, (5)-10-18-(45) cm tall. Lvs entire, stellate-hairy, (2)-5-10 × (1)-2-4 mm; basal lvs oblanceolate to obovate; stem lvs narrower. Infl. a raceme, (5)-10-15 cm long; pedicels spreading, hairy, 2-3-(4) mm long. Sepals stellate-hairy, persistent at fruiting, 3 × 1 mm. Petals hairy beneath, obtuse to shallowly emarginate, 4-6 × 1-1.5 mm. Outer filaments with slender paired appendages. Silicle almost circular, shortly emarginate, inflated in centre, 3-4 × 3-(4) mm; valves stellate-hairy; veins faint or 0; style 0.3-0.4 mm long. Seeds brown, ovoid, flattened, narrowly winged, 1.5 × 1 mm, usually 2 per locule.
Annual, 5–25 cm, stellate-hairy throughout; lvs oblanceolate, 6–15 mm, entire, obtuse; fls pale yellow or nearly white, 2 mm wide; pet narrowly oblong; frs on widely divergent pedicels, orbicular, 3–4 mm, flat at the margin, convex toward the center; seeds 2 per locule; 2n=32. Native of Europe, abundant as a weed in waste places nearly throughout our range, and to w. U.S. May, June. (Clypeola a.)
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) 0.55 - 0.75
Mature height (meter) 0.06 - 0.35
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light 6-8
Soil humidity 2-5
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-8

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 7 - 14
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 23
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -23
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Alyssum alyssoides habit picture by Prieta Javier (cc-by-sa)
Alyssum alyssoides habit picture by John Walsh (cc-by-sa)
Alyssum alyssoides habit picture by beurny (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Alyssum alyssoides leaf picture by Prieta Javier (cc-by-sa)
Alyssum alyssoides leaf picture by Karine Boisset (cc-by-sa)
Alyssum alyssoides leaf picture by klara kucerova (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Alyssum alyssoides flower picture by Jerome Dao (cc-by-sa)
Alyssum alyssoides flower picture by morgane rose (cc-by-sa)
Alyssum alyssoides flower picture by Graziano Piero (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Alyssum alyssoides fruit picture by hieracium eriophorum (cc-by-sa)
Alyssum alyssoides fruit picture by Laurent GUILLAUME (cc-by-sa)
Alyssum alyssoides fruit picture by bas yves (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Alyssum alyssoides world distribution map, present in Canada, China, France, New Zealand, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:277314-1
WFO ID wfo-0000529216
COL ID CCH5
BDTFX ID 3783
INPN ID 81878
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Alyssum calicinum Alyssum campestre Alyssum conglobatum Alyssum montanum Alyssum parviflorum Alyssum rothmaleri Alyssum ruderale Clypeola minor Psilonema vagum Psilonema sabulosum Psilonema ruderale Adyseton calycinum Adyseton campestre Adyseton mutabile Alyssum calycinum Alyssum phymatocarpum Alyssum polyodon Alyssum schlosseri Clypeola campestris Alyssum lusitanicum Alyssum minus Clypeola alyssoides Clypeola calycina Crucifera alyssoides Crucifera calycina Psilonema alyssoides Psilonema campestre Psilonema calycinum Alyssum arvaticum Alyssum campestre Alyssum calycinum Alyssum sabulosum Alyssum sublineare Alyssum erraticum Alyssum vagum Adyseton alyssoides Alyssum alyssoides f. albineum Alyssum alsinifolium Alyssum alyssoides var. hispanicum Alyssum alyssoides subsp. hispanicum Alyssum parviflorum var. collinum Alyssum alyssoides var. alyssoides Alyssum alyssoides var. depressum Alyssum alyssoides