Amorphophallus konjac K.Koch

Devil's tongue (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Alismatales > Araceae > Amorphophallus

Characteristics

Tuber brown, slightly glossy, depressed globose, to ca. 20 cm high, to ca. 30 cm in diam., seasonally producing numerous long rhizomatous offsets with swollen apical part, these to ca. 50 × 3 cm. Leaf solitary; petiole background color dirty whitish pinkish or dirty cream-colored, often nearly entirely covered by large, elongate, dark green confluent spots and smaller white dots, or with numerous small, blackish green spots, very variable, to ca. 100 × 8 cm, glabrous or with scattered punctiform warts at base; leaf blade highly dissected, to ca. 200 cm in diam., rachises narrowly winged; leaflets dull green adaxially, elliptic, 3-10 × 2-6 cm, acuminate. Inflorescence long pedunculate (rarely short); peduncle colored as petiole, to ca. 110 × 5 cm. Spathe outside base dirty pale brownish with blackish green spots, or dirty pale whitish grayish with a few scattered blackish green dots, near margin flushed with purple; inside base maroon with or without a paler whitish purplish zone above, elliptic-lanceolate to broadly ovate-triangular, 10-60 × 10-55 cm, base and limb ± separated by a shallow constriction, margin ± strongly sinuous, apex acute; base within densely verrucate, verrucae tiny, punctiform; limb erect, outside uniformly dark purplish brown, or with scattered blackish green spots, inside uniformly dark brown, glossy, undulate and/or longitudinally folded, basal margin spreading. Spadix during female anthesis producing a strong smell of rotting meat and producing small, clear, slightly viscous droplets, sessile, 15-110 cm; female zone cylindric or narrowly conic, 2-11 cm, 1-4 cm in diam. at base and to ca. 6 cm in diam. at apex, flowers congested or distant; ovary whitish or pale pinkish, apex purplish, depressed globose, oval or suborbicular in cross section, 2-2.5 mm high, 2-4 mm in diam., 2-or 3-loculed; style purplish, 1-5 mm, ± slender, 0.7-1 mm in diam., often distinctly branched at apex; stigma dirty yellowish brown, depressed, strongly undulate, often sunk between enlarged style branches, 2-or 3(or 4)-lobed, oval or triangular in cross section, ca. 0.5 mm high, 1.5-2 mm in diam., verruculose-scabrous; transitional zone between female and male zones occasionally with partly staminodal male flowers and/or pistillodial female flowers or flowers showing all intermediate stages; male zone cylindric, slightly fusiform, or slightly obconic, 2-12 × 1-6 cm, flowers congested; male flowers consisting of 3-5 stamens; stamens 2-2.5 mm; filaments pale orangish yellow or whitish, 0.5-1 mm, basally or entirely connate or slightly diverging at apex; anthers dirty whitish grayish, or ± cream-colored, truncate or subtruncate, 1-1.5 × 0.8-2 mm, rectangular in cross section; connective purplish, turning grayish at anthesis, slightly raised; pores apical, oval or reniform; appendix narrowly fusiform-conic, often laterally compressed and with irregular, shallow longitudinal furrows, 10-85 × 1.5-6 cm, acute, dark purplish brown or paler, densely rugulose, base often with several diamond-shaped, flattened staminodes. Fl. Apr.
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A large herb which keeps growing from year to year. The tuber is round and 30 cm across. It produces long rhizomes off the side. These are 50 cm long by 3 cm thick. There is a single leaf. The leaf stalk is smooth and dull pink. It is 1 m long. It has dark green and white spots. The leaf blade is very divided. The blade can be 2 m across. The leaflets are pointed and 3-10 cm long by 2.6 cm wide. The flower stalk can be 1.1 m long and coloured like the leaf stalk. The bract around the flower is broadly triangular and funnel shaped. It is 10-60 cm long and 10-55 cm across. It has a wavy edge. The outer surface is dull and brown-green. with darker green spots. It is red-brown inside. The flower spike is like a narrow cone and 0.15-1.1 m long. It can give off a smell like rotten meat for a few days.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.0 - 1.5
Mature height (meter) 0.88 - 1.03
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. It is less tropical than Amorphophallus paenifolius var. campanulatus. It grows up to 3,000 m altitude in Vietnam. It suits hardiness zones 10-12. In Yunnan.
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Loose leafy detritus in moist shady habitats. Forest margins and thickets at elevations of 830-1,200 metres in western Yunnan.
Loose leafy detritus in moist shady habitats. Forest margins and thickets at elevations of 830-1,200 metres in western Yunnan.
Light 3-6
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture 2-4
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

The tuber are used to produce konnyaku, a type of flour used as the basis for many dietary products. It is cooked and dried and pounded and treated with lime. The stalks are stewed as a vegetable. The young leaves are used in tofu.
Uses environmental use food medicinal oil
Edible leaves roots stems tubers
Therapeutic use Cancer (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown by seed or offsets. The tubers are planted 15 cm deep.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) 1
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Amorphophallus konjac unspecified picture

Distribution

Amorphophallus konjac world distribution map, present in China, Philippines, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Thailand, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:84377-1
WFO ID wfo-0000964427
COL ID CXFY
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Hydrosme rivierei Tapeinophallus rivierei Brachyspatha konjac Amorphophallus konjac Conophallus konjak Conophallus konniaku Amorphophallus nanus Amorphophallus palmiformis Amorphophallus mairei Amorphophallus rivierei Proteinophallus rivierei