Andira inermis (W.Wright) Dc.

Cabbagebark tree (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Andira

Characteristics

Tree 7.5–10(–30) m. tall, with a somewhat columnar or pyramidal crown in Africa (often more spreading in America); bark fairly smooth, grey.. Branchlets with small reddish-brown mostly spreading hairs at the tips, soon glabrescent, covered with small closely arranged lenticels.. Leaves 20–40 cm. long; stipules linear, 6–10 mm. long, caducous; stipels subulate, 1–5 mm. long; leaflets in 4–8 pairs, oblong-lanceolate or rather narrowly oblong to elliptic-oblong, 5–11(–17) cm. long, 2–5(–6) cm. wide, bluntly pointed to shortly acuminate, cuneate or shortly rounded at the base, soon glabrescent except sometimes for small hairs along the midrib beneath; midrib immersed above, very prominent beneath; lateral nerves fine, ± 12–18 on either side.. Panicles terminal and axillary, well branched, 15–40(–60) cm. long, shortly brownish hairy; bracts linear-lanceolate, 2–3 mm. long, caducous; bracteoles inserted on very short pedicel, similar to bract.. Calyx shortly toothed, 4–5 mm. long, purplish.. Corolla 12–15 mm. long, pinkish to purplish-red; standard suborbicular, glabrous; wings as long as the keel.. Fruit broadly ovoid or ellipsoid, slightly keeled, supported on a short thick stipe, 3.2–7.5 cm. long, rugulose, glabrous.. Seed ellipsoid, slightly pointed at either end and with a small protuberance just below the hilum, ± 2.5 cm. long; testa delicate, wrinkled.
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An evergreen tree. It grows 30 m high. The trunk has buttresses. It has a round crown. The leaves are 40 cm long. The leaves have leaflets along the stalk. There are 7-13 leaflets. They are oblong. The flowers are pink. They occur in large masses. They are pea like. The fruit is hard and round. It is a legume pod. It is 4 cm across. It is fleshy. It has a single seed.
Pendulous fruits, resembling a small mango.
A savannah tree, 20–30 ft. high
Handsome pink flowers
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 26.0 - 26.2
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.9
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A wide range of habitats from evergreen tropical rain forest to dry savannah vegetation. Common in riparian zones and in areas with a high water table. It is found along roadsides, riverbanks, woodlands and pastures, from sea level to 900 metres.
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It is a tropical plant. It can grow in humid or dry coastal woodland and in swamps and savannah. It is often along rivers. In the Cairns Botanical Gardens.
Light 7-8
Soil humidity 2-2
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

The leaves are used to make a drink. The fruit are eaten. CAUTION: The seeds cause diarrhoea.
Uses animal food coffee substitute environmental use fiber food fuel gene source invertebrate food material medicinal ornamental poison shade social use windbreak wood
Edible fruits leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Anthelmintics (bark), Antipyretics (bark), Cathartics (bark), Anthelmintics (seed), Antipyretics (seed), Cathartics (seed), Narcotics (seed), Eczema (unspecified), Emetic (unspecified), Febrifuge (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Malaria (unspecified), Narcotic (unspecified), Piscicide (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Purgative (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Yaws (unspecified), Anthelminthic (unspecified), Anthelmintics (wood), Cathartics (wood), Narcotics (wood)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed. The seeds don't germinate regularly. It can be grown by air layering or cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -7
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Andira inermis habit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Leaf

Andira inermis leaf picture by Anghelo Herrera Calvo (cc-by-sa)
Andira inermis leaf picture by SINAC oscar (cc-by-sa)
Andira inermis leaf picture by SINAC oscar (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Andira inermis flower picture by Ignacio Forteza Saavedra (cc-by-sa)
Andira inermis flower picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Andira inermis flower picture by Jorge Cugat Herrero (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Andira inermis fruit picture by Anghelo Herrera Calvo (cc-by-sa)
Andira inermis fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Andira inermis fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Distribution

Andira inermis world distribution map, present in Argentina, American Samoa, Antigua and Barbuda, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Central African Republic, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Fiji, Ghana, Guadeloupe, Guinea-Bissau, Grenada, Guatemala, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Haiti, India, Jamaica, Saint Lucia, Sri Lanka, Mexico, Mali, Martinique, Mauritius, Malaysia, Niger, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, Paraguay, Sudan, Senegal, Singapore, El Salvador, Suriname, Chad, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, United States of America, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Conservation status

Andira inermis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1075415-2
WFO ID wfo-0000171592
COL ID DQGR
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 631497
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Andira grandiflora Vouacapoua inermis Andira riparia Poltolobium hypoleucum Andira acuminata Pterocarpus sapindoides Andira jamaicensis Lonchocarpus staudtii Machaerium foliosum Andira sapindoides Geoffroea acutifolia Geoffroea racemosa Vouacapoua sapindodes Glycyrrhiza undulata Andira excelsa Geoffroea jamaicensis Geoffroea inermis Amerimnon affine Andira chiricana Andira inermis subsp. inermis Geoffroea jamaicensis var. inermis Andira jamaicensis var. sapindoides Andira inermis var. sapindoides Andira inermis var. riedelii Andira inermis

Lower taxons

Andira inermis subsp. rooseveltii Andira inermis subsp. glabricalyx