Archidendron bubalinum (Jack) I.C.Nielsen

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Archidendron

Characteristics

Small tree, rarely to 20 m high, 25 cm in diameter. Branchlets terete, red, glossy, drying reddish to light brown when dry, scaly, rusty puberulous, glabrescent. Leaves: petiole 0.5-4(-6) cm, gla-brous(-puberulous), gland orbicular, sessile, semi-globose, flat, or depressed; pinnae 1 pair, 2-10 cm, glabrous (-puberulous); petiolule 2-5 mm, glabrous; leaflets 1 or 2 pairs per pinna, opposite, chartaceous-coriaceous, drying grey-green, ± unequal-sided, elliptic, ovate-elliptic, or lanceolate, 5.5-16(-22) by 2.5-10.5 cm, base ± symmetrically cuneate, somewhat tapering in the distal pair of leaflets, apex obtusely acuminate, glabrous at both surfaces; principal lateral veins c. 7 per leaflet-half, strongly arching, non parallel; reticulation delicate, dense, prominulous on both surfaces. Inflorescences terminal or axillary at the distal leaves, rusty tomentose-puberulous, ± glabrescent, consisting of pedunculate glomerules aggregated into panicles to 20 cm long; glomerules composed of c. 5 sessile or subsessile flowers; floral bracts triangular, acute, less than 1 mm, tomentose. Flowers pentamerous, white, sweetly scented. Calyx campanulate or broadly cup-shaped, 1.5-2.5 mm, rusty short-tomentose or puberulous; teeth (broadly) triangular, to 0.5 mm. Corolla funnel-shaped, puberulous, 2.5-5 mm; lobes triangular-ovate to elliptic, often recurved, 1-c. 2 mm. Stamens c. 9 mm, the tube equalling the corolla-tube. Ovary solitary, glabrous. Pod green or red, becoming yellowish outside, reddish inside, cylindrical to compressed, straight or ± curved, turgid, 3-5-10 by 1.5-2.5 cm, woody, densely puberulous or subglabrous, veins inconspicuous, dehiscing along both sutures. Seeds black, filling the entire cavity of the pod, the central ones irregularly disc-like, 8-15 mm high, terminal ones turbinate-truncate.
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A small tree. Occasionally it can grow to 20 m high. The trunk is 25 cm across. The bark is smooth or with tiny cracks. The small branches are rounded, red and glossy. The leaf stalk is 0.5-4 cm long. The leaves are twice divided. The first leaflets are one pair 2-10 cm long and these have one or two pairs of second leaflets 5.5-16 cm long by 3-10 cm wide. The flower cluster is at the end of the branch or in the axils of leaves towards the ends of the branches. These are made up of about 5 flowers clustered closely together in a head and these are white and have a sweet smell. The fruit is a pod which can be green or red but ripens to yellow outside and reddish inside. The pods are 3.5-10 cm long by 1.5-2.5 cm wide and can be straight or curved. They are stiff and woody. They split open along both sides. The seeds are black and fill the entire cavity of the pod. The seeds in the centre are like a disk while those near the end are like a top.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.25
Mature height (meter) 20.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Primary and secondary rain forest, often emerging in regrowth; growing in sandy loam or lateritic soils; usually at elevations up to 100 metres but sometimes ascending to 900 metres.
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A tropical plant. It grows in rainforest often amongst regrowth. Plants are mostly from sea level to 100 m but they can be up to 900 m altitude.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses Seeds used for flavouring food; they contain large amounts of djenkol acid and need the same treatment as those of 13. A. jiringa. Timber used for planking and said to be durable (cf. Burkill, l.c.).
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The seeds are used for flavouring food. They need treatment. They have a smell like garlic. CAUTION: The seeds possibly affect the kidneys. The fruit are recorded as eaten.
Uses timber wood
Edible fruits seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed. Seed should be sown fresh. If dry they should be soaked before planting.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Archidendron bubalinum unspecified picture

Distribution

Archidendron bubalinum world distribution map, present in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:475039-1
WFO ID wfo-0000199770
COL ID G8T6
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Archidendron bubalinum Pithecellobium bubalinum Albizia acrodena Inga bubalina Ortholobium bubalinum Feuilleea bubalina Albizia bubalina Cylindrokelupha bubalina Pithecellobium bigeminum var. bubalinum