Archontophoenix cunninghamiana H.Wendl. & Drude

Species

Angiosperms > Arecales > Arecaceae > Archontophoenix

Characteristics

A tall single stemmed feather leafed palm. It has a bright green to rusty brown crown shaft formed by the leaf sheaths. This is 1 m long. The fronds are long and curved and form an umbrella shaped crown. The trunk is brown to grey. It grows to 25 m tall and is 30 cm across. It has rings of leaf scars along the trunk. The leaves are 2-4 m long and divided into drooping leaflets along its length. The leaflets are 60-100 cm long and 5-10 cm wide. They have long pointed tips. The leaf stalk twists along its length making the end fronds vertical. The flowering stalk is large and branched. It is 40-90 cm long. Several flowering stalks are often present at the same time. Two large papery bracts which are thin and pointed enclose the flowers but fall before flowers open. The flowers are pink, stalk-less and 1 cm across. Male and female flowers are on the same stalk. They are in spiral arrangements of irregular groups of 3. The fruit are orange red when ripe. They are 10-15 mm across.
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Trunk to 30 m tall, to 30 cm diam. Leaves 9–12, to 4.5 m long, becoming vertically orientated; leaf sheath dark green to green-purple. Pinnae 70–90 each side of rachis, to 100 cm long, dark green on both surfaces; ramenta present. Inflorescence to 150 cm long, branched to 4 orders; axes white to yellow green, becoming mauve in infructescence; rachillae to 55 cm long, pendulous, moderately flexuose distally. Flowers closely spaced on rachilla; floral bracts raised with sharp margins; perianth lilac to purple. Staminate flower to 6 mm long; stamens 9–18; filaments deflexed; pistillode about equal to petals. Pistillate flower to 5 mm high. Fruit ovoid, 10–15 mm long, 6–11 mm wide; stigmatic remains apical; mesocarp fibres to 1 mm wide, flat, sparingly branched, remaining compact in the dried state. Seed globose, to 9 mm diam.; raphe fibres embedded, strongly adherent.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality -
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 2.5
Mature height (meter) 25.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a warm temperate and subtropical plant. It grows along stream banks. In northern Australia it grows from sea level to 700 m altitude. They require well-drained soil. They need high humidity. It suits hardiness zones 10-11. In Melbourne Botanical Gardens.
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Grows on various soil types in rainforest, vine forest, swamp forest and moistsclerophyll forest, at 0–1200 m alt.
Light 4-6
Soil humidity 4-7
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-11

Usage

The young shoots just coming out of the ground can be eaten raw. As this kills the palm it is not normally useful.
Uses environmental use
Edible shoots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from fresh seed. Seed germinate within 6 months. Seedlings do not transplant easily.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) 1
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Archontophoenix cunninghamiana habit picture by ian connop (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Archontophoenix cunninghamiana leaf picture by EpiphanyWar (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Archontophoenix cunninghamiana fruit picture by Wayne Davis (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Archontophoenix cunninghamiana world distribution map, present in Australia and Brazil

Conservation status

Archontophoenix cunninghamiana threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:134734-3
WFO ID wfo-0000260937
COL ID 5W288
BDTFX ID 120662
INPN ID 629097
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Jessenia amazonum Loroma amethystina Loroma cunninghamiana Ptychosperma cunninghamianum Archontophoenix cunninghamiana