Arctostaphylos columbiana Piper In Piper & Beattie

Hairy manzanita (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Ericaceae > Arctostaphylos

Characteristics

Shrubs or trees, erect, 2-5 m; burl absent; twigs densely short-hairy, usually with long, white hairs, often glandular. Leaves: petiole 4-10 mm; blade dark green, dull, lanceolate-ovate to narrowly oblong-ovate, 4-6 × 2-3 cm, base cuneate to ± rounded, margins entire, plane, surfaces ± papillate, finely scabrous, finely hairy, sparsely glandular-hairy. Inflorescences panicles, 3-8-branched; immature inflorescence pendent, branches ± spreading, axis 1.5-2.5 cm, 1+ mm diam., densely short-hairy, usually with long, white hairs, sometimes glandular; bracts not appressed, (green), leaflike, oblong-lanceolate, 10-18 mm, apex acuminate, surfaces finely glandular-hairy. Pedicels 2-4 mm, finely glandular-hairy. Flowers: corolla white, conic to urceolate; ovary densely white-hairy, sometimes sparsely glandular. Fruits depressed-globose, 8-11 mm diam., sparsely hairy. Stones distinct. 2n = 26.
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A small tree. It grows 6 m high and spreads 3.5 m wide. The bark is peeling and purplish-brown. The twigs are white and have bristles. The leaves are oval and 5 cm long. The flowers are white to pink and in nodding clusters. The fruit are small, bright red berries.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 3.5
Mature height (meter) 1.9 - 4.0
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) 0.2
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Chaparral, gaps and margins of conifer forests along the coast, sometimes extending inland, open areas around rock outcrops; at elevations from sea level to around 1,000 metres, occasionally to 1,400 metres.
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It is a temperate plant. It is best in well-drained soil. It needs an open sunny position. It is resistant to drought and frost. It suits hardiness zones 7-9.
Light 4-8
Soil humidity 2-5
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity 2-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-8

Usage

The fruit are eaten fresh. They are also cooked or made into jelly. They can be used for a cider-like drink.
Uses dye medicinal wood
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use Antidiarrheal (bark)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It can be grown by seeds or cuttings.
Mode cuttings divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -35
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Arctostaphylos columbiana leaf picture by Jason J (cc-by-sa)
Arctostaphylos columbiana leaf picture by Jason J (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Arctostaphylos columbiana fruit picture by Jason J (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Arctostaphylos columbiana world distribution map, present in Canada and United States of America

Conservation status

Arctostaphylos columbiana threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17764-2
WFO ID wfo-0000543480
COL ID GBLX
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Arctostaphylos columbiana f. setosissima Arctostaphylos columbiana Arctostaphylos setosissima Arctostaphylos tracyi Arctostaphylos columbiana var. tracyi Arctostaphylos columbiana var. columbiana Arctostaphylos columbiana f. tracyi