Arctous alpina Nied.

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Ericaceae > Arctous

Characteristics

Shrubs 3-20(-30) cm; twigs terete, with persistent old leaves or petioles. Leaves: petiole winged, 1-4 mm, ciliate on margins, or hairy; blade obovate to oblanceolate, 4-15 × 0.7-8(-20) mm, base attenuate-cuneate, decurrent onto petiole, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded, surfaces rugose, glabrous or hairy. Inflorescences 2-4(-7)-flowered; bracts ovate, membranous. Pedicels 0.1-0.6 mm. Flowers: sepals pale green or yellow, 0.8-1.2 mm, apex acute; corolla yellow, whitish, or green (pale yellowish green), 3.5-4.5 mm, lobes recurved, greenish, rounded, 0.5 mm, glabrous; stamens 1-2 mm; anthers reddish, becoming yellow, 0.6-0.7 mm, horns 0.1-0.2 mm. Fruits black-purple, 6-9 mm diam. Pyrenes 2.7-4.6 × 2-3.6 mm. 2n = 26, 28.
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A small shrub. It can lie along the ground or be up to 40 cm high. It spreads 1 m wide. The stems are woody and branching. The leaves are green and oval. They have rounded teeth around the edge. The surface is wrinkled. The flowers are pale yellow and bell shaped. The fruit are small black berries.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination
Spread endozoochory
Mature width (meter) 0.2
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.18
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) 0.3
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows in northern China in alpine thickets and among rocks at 1,900-3,000 m altitude. It grows best in sandy, rocky, well-drained soils. It needs a protected sunny position. It is resistant to frost but sensitive to drought. In Sichuan.
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Mountain moors and stony places on calcareous Alp. Tundra, gravelly beach ridges, lichen heaths, open, boggy, coniferous woods, dry, wind-swept and snow-free fellfields in arctic and alpine tundra; at elevations up to 2,500 metres.
Light 4-8
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity 1-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 2-6

Usage

The fruit are edible but have a bitter taste.
Uses environmental use forage medicinal
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use Blood Medicine (bark), Ceremonial Medicine (leaf), Narcotic (leaf), Unspecified (leaf), Antirheumatic (External) (unspecified), Panacea (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It can be grown from seed or cuttings.
Mode cuttings divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -40
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Arctous alpina leaf picture by Timia Sanchez (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Arctous alpina fruit picture by Timia Sanchez (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Arctous alpina world distribution map, present in Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Canada, Switzerland, China, Germany, Denmark, Finland, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Greenland, Croatia, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Liberia, Liechtenstein, North Macedonia, Mongolia, Norway, Russian Federation, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326697-1
WFO ID wfo-0000543796
COL ID GBXV
BDTFX ID 70461
INPN ID 128324
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Mairrania alpina Arbutus alpina Uva-ursi alpina Arctostaphylos alpina Arctous erythrocarpa Arctous japonica Arctous alpina var. japonica Arctous alpina subsp. rubra Arctous alpina var. alpina Arctous alpina