Armoracia G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.

Armoracia (en), Raifort (fr)

Genus

Angiosperms > Brassicales > Brassicaceae

Characteristics

Perennials; (aquatic or of mesic habitats, with rootstocks); not scapose; glabrous. Stems erect, branched distally. Leaves basal and cauline; petiolate and sessile; basal rosulate, long-petiolate, blade margins crenate or pinnatifid [entire]; cauline petiolate or sessile distally, blade margins crenate, serrate, pinnatifid, pinnatisect [laciniate]. Racemes ([often corymbose-paniculate], several-flowered), considerably elongated in fruit. Fruiting pedicels ascending, divaricate, or slightly reflexed, slender. Flowers: sepals spreading or ascending, ovate or oblong, lateral pair not saccate basally, (glabrous); petals white, obovate, or oblanceolate [spatulate, oblong], claw somewhat differentiated from blade (relatively short, apex obtuse); stamens slightly tetradynamous; filaments slightly dilated basally; anthers ovate [oblong or linear], (apex obtuse); nectar glands confluent, subtending bases of stamens, median glands present. Fruits: silicles, sessile, oblong, ovate, elliptic, or orbicular, angustiseptate; valves each not veined; replum rounded; septum perforated or reduced to a rim; ovules 8-12[-20] per ovary; style obsolete or distinct; stigma capitate, (sometimes 2-lobed). Seeds biseriate, plump, not winged, ovate [oblong]; seed coat (punctate) not mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons accumbent.
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Herbs perennial with rootstocks. Trichomes absent. Stems erect, branched above. Basal leaves long petiolate, rosulate, simple, entire or crenate. Cauline leaves petiolate or uppermost sessile, crenate, laciniate, pinnatifid, or pinnatiscent. Racemes many flowered, ebracteate, often in corymbose panicles, elongated considerably in fruit. Fruiting pedicels slender, ascending, divaricate, or slightly reflexed. Sepals ovate or oblong, spreading or ascending, glabrous, base of lateral pair not saccate. Petals white, ascending, longer than sepals; blade obovate, spatulate, oblong, or oblanceolate, apex obtuse; claw short. Stamens 6, somewhat spreading, slightly tetradynamous; filaments slightly dilated at base; anthers ovate, oblong, or linear, obtuse at apex. Nectar glands confluent and subtending bases of all stamens; median glands present. Ovules 8-20 per ovary. Fruit dehiscent silicles, oblong, ovate, elliptic, or orbicular, angustiseptate, sessile; valves veinless, glabrous, smooth; replum rounded; septum perforated or reduced to a rim; style obsolete or short and to 2 mm; stigma capitate, entire or 2-lobed. Seeds biseriate, wingless, oblong, plump; seed coat punctate, not mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons accumbent.
Glabrous perennial herbs; roots fusiform. Stems erect, leafy. Lvs simple, crenate, serrate, or pinnatifid, usually variable on one plant. Infl. a terminal ebracteate panicle; lateral axillary racemes often present. Sepals erecto-patent, not saccate. Petals white. Stamens 6, without appendages. Lateral nectaries 4, beside bases of single stamens; median nectaries 2, between bases of paired stamens. Style short; stigma large, capitate or shallowly 2-lobed. Silicle ellipsoid or spherical, septate, dehiscent; valves convex with indistinct network of veins. Seeds ovoid, compressed, not winged, in 2 rows per locule.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
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Sexuality hermaphrodite
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Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

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Cultivation

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Images

Armoracia unspecified picture

Distribution

Armoracia world distribution map, present in China, New Zealand, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331369-2
WFO ID wfo-4000003083
COL ID 3339
BDTFX ID 85925
INPN ID 189468
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Armoracia

Lower taxons

Armoracia macrocarpa Armoracia sisymbrioides Armoracia sisymbrioides Armoracia rusticana