Artemisia afra Jacq. ex Willd.

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Artemisia

Characteristics

Shrub, up to 2 m high, aromatic, stems greyish pubescent. Leaves alternate, bipinnati-partite, ultimate segments linear, entire or toothed, upper surface glabrous, lower surface canescent. Capitula disciform, many in terminal, racemose panicles. Receptacle flat, convex or hemispherical, epaleate, sometimes pilose. Ray florets female, fertile; corolla narrowly tubular, sometimes swollen below, 2-or 3-toothed, yellow. Disc florets bisexual, fertile or functionally male; corolla yellow, cylindric, sometimes narrowed or swollen at base, sometimes dilated above, 5-lobed. Flowering time Feb.-May. Pappus absent. Cypselae subglobose, terete or compressed, somewhat 3-angled, striate.
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Shrub, up to 2 m high; very aromatic. Leaves alternate, petiolate; blade narrowly ovate in outline, bipinnatipartite, ultimate segments linear, entire or toothed, upper surface glabrous, lower surface canescent. Heads disciform, subglobose, ± 3 mm in diameter, many in terminal, racemose panicles. Involucral bracts in a few rows, imbricate, canescent. Receptacle epaleate. Flowers: outer female florets tubular, fertile; disc florets bisexual or functionally male, yellow; Feb.-May. Fruit with cypsela narrowly obovoid, smooth or ribbed. Pappus absent.
A shrub. It is erect. It grows 75-250 cm high. It has some hairs but under the leaves are thickly white and hairy. The leaves are alternate and feathery. They are divided 2 or 3 times. The last segments are narrow. The edges curve backwards. There are many flower heads. The flowers are tube shaped. They are yellow.
Shrub, up to 2 m high. Leaves bipinnatipartite, ultimate segments linear, entire or toothed, upper surface glabrous, lower canescent. Heads many in terminal racemose panicles. Flowers yellow.
Soft aromatic shrublet to 60 cm. Leaves bipinnatifid, canescent below. Flower heads discoid, nodding, crowded at branch tips, yellowish.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.0 - 1.5
Mature height (meter) 0.88 - 2.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. In Swaziland it is rare. In Malawi it grows on the edges of forests and in rocky places at 2,000-2,450 m altitude. It can grow from 20-4,050 m above sea level. It grows in hot arid areas. It can grow in arid places.
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Damp slopes, along streamsides and forest margins at elevations of 20-2,440 metres.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-4
Soil texture 5-8
Soil acidity 4-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-9

Usage

The leaves have been used to flavour beer. They are used as a tea substitute.
Uses food material medicinal non-vertebrate poison social use tea
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Abortifacient (unspecified), Antiseptic (unspecified), Deobstruent (unspecified), Digestive (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Emmenagogue (unspecified), Liqueur (unspecified), Narcotic (unspecified), Scurvy (unspecified), Stomachic (unspecified), Sudorific (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Tumor(Testicle) (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Depurative (unspecified), Anthelminthic (unspecified), Cold (unspecified), Stimulant (unspecified), Stomach (unspecified), Cough (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 60
Germination temperacture (C°) 15 - 18
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 22 - 30
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Artemisia afra leaf picture by Daan Wessels (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Artemisia afra world distribution map, present in Angola, Botswana, Ethiopia, Lesotho, Namibia, eSwatini, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:179971-1
WFO ID wfo-0000093680
COL ID GVZR
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Artemisia afra var. afra Artemisia afra var. friesiorum Artemisia pontica Artemisia afra