Artemisia biennis Willd.

Biennial wormwood (en), Armoise bisannuelle (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Artemisia

Characteristics

Annuals or biennials, (10–)30–80(–150) cm, not aromatic. Stems 1, erect, often reddish, simple (finely striate), glabrous. Leaves cauline, green or yellow-green (sessile); blades broadly lanceolate to ovate, 4–10(–13) × 1.5–4 cm, 1–2-pinnately lobed (ultimate lobes coarsely toothed), faces glabrous. Heads (erect, subsessile) in (leafy) paniculiform to spiciform arrays 12–35(–40) × 2–4 cm (lateral branches relatively short). Involucres globose, 2–4 × (1.5–)2–4 mm. Phyllaries (green) broadly elliptic to obovate, glabrous. Florets: pistillate 6–25; bisexual 15–40; corollas pale yellow, ca. 2 mm, glabrous. Cypselae ellipsoid (4–5-nerved), 0.2–0.9 mm, glabrous. 2n = 18.
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Coarse, nearly inodorous, glabrous annual or biennial 3–30 dm; lvs 5–15 cm, pinnatisect nearly to the midrib into several narrow lobes that are usually again sharply toothed, or the lower bipinnatifid; infl dense, spike-like or of spiciform branches, the heads usually numerous, crowded, scarcely pedunculate; invol glabrous, 2–3 mm; achenes ellipsoid, 4–5-nerved; 2n=18. Waste places and stream-banks, especially in sandy soil; native to nw. U.S. but widely distributed in our range and elsewhere as a weed. Aug.–Oct.
A small herb. It grows 30-120 cm high. The leaves are alternate and green. They are smooth on both sides. They are divided into several narrow segments with teeth along the edge. They are 2.5-7.5 cm long. The flowers are in small flower heads. Several occur in dense spikes. The fruit is a small smooth achene.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Open ground, clearings, burns, roadsides and waste places. Disturbed habitats, margins of vernal pools, desert flats, usually clay or silty soils; at elevations from 600-2,000 metres.
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It is a temperate plant. It grows along the damp edges of streams.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 1-5
Soil texture 3-5
Soil acidity 4-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-10

Usage

Uses essential oil forage medicinal
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use Anthelmintic (seed), Obesity (seed), Analgesic (unspecified), Dermatological Aid (unspecified), Gastrointestinal Aid (unspecified), Gynecological Aid (unspecified), Asthma (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Diuretics (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 60
Germination temperacture (C°) 15 - 18
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Artemisia biennis habit picture by Groupe Botanique de Bruxelles (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Artemisia biennis leaf picture by Jean Boucton (cc-by-sa)
Artemisia biennis leaf picture by Maxime Bélanger (cc-by-sa)
Artemisia biennis leaf picture by Schitti 68 (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Artemisia biennis flower picture by K. O. Dudas (cc-by-sa)
Artemisia biennis flower picture by Maxime Bélanger (cc-by-sa)
Artemisia biennis flower picture by Groupe Botanique de Bruxelles (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Artemisia biennis world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Canada, Switzerland, China, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Finland, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Mongolia, Netherlands, Norway, Nepal, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Turkey, Ukraine, United States of America, Uzbekistan, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:305619-2
WFO ID wfo-0000134690
COL ID GW56
BDTFX ID 6777
INPN ID 83949
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Artemisia tournefortiana Artemisia australis Artemisia armeniaca Artemisia pinnatifida Artemisia inconspicua Artemisia jacquinii Artemisia hispanica Artemisia biennis var. diffusa Artemisia biennis var. biennis Artemisia biennis