Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Makino

Small carpgrass (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Arthraxon

Characteristics

Annual. Culms slender, sprawling, decumbent, rooting from lower nodes, weakly ascending up to 30 cm or more. Leaf sheaths glabrous to tuberculate-hispid, margin ciliate; leaf blades ovate to narrowly ovate, 2–5 cm × 6–15 mm, glabrous or hispid, base amplexicaul, margins pectinate-setose at least around base, apex sharply acute; ligule 0.5–3 mm. Racemes 2–10 or more, 1.5–4 cm, pale green or purple; rachis internodes (1/2–) 2/3–3/4 length of sessile spikelets, glabrous or sparsely to densely pilose, hairs less than 0.5 mm. Sessile spikelet 3–5 mm; lower glume lanceolate, weakly convex, margins not inflexed, 6–9-veined, veins scabrid-hispidulous to spinulose; upper glume slightly longer than lower, apex cuspidate; awn up to 11 mm, well developed and exserted from glumes, or sometimes reduced and included; palea absent. Anthers 2, 0.7–1 mm. Pedicelled spikelet usually absent; pedicel reduced to a minute stump, sometimes up to 2 mm or more at raceme apex, glabrous, sparsely ciliate, or infrequently densely pilose. Fl. and fr. Sep–Nov. 2n = 10, 18, 36.
More
Slender, lax, decumbent annual to 5(–10) dm; blades 2–7 cm × 5–15 mm; spikes few–several, digitate, 2–8 cm; normal spikelet (2–)3–5(–8) mm, the lower glume 4–15-veined and with the veins usually spiculate-scabrous at least distally, the upper inconspicuously 3-or 5-veined; sterile lemma virtually veinless, the fertile one 1-veined, often with a supra-basal awn to 10 mm; anthers usually 2; sterile spikelet reduced to the 1–4 mm pedicel, or obsolete; 2n=10. A weed of moist or wet soil, native to se. Asia, now widely intr. in warm regions, and found here and there in our range, n. as far as Mo. and s. N.Y.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.25 - 0.58
Root system fibrous-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.6
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity 7-9
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-12

Usage

Uses animal food fodder material medicinal social use
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Arthraxon hispidus leaf picture by Matthew Campbell (cc-by-sa)
Arthraxon hispidus leaf picture by max (cc-by-sa)
Arthraxon hispidus leaf picture by Lisa Ani (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Arthraxon hispidus flower picture by Lisa Ani (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Arthraxon hispidus world distribution map, present in Åland Islands, Burkina Faso, Chile, China, Costa Rica, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Georgia, Guinea, Guatemala, Honduras, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Madagascar, Myanmar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Malaysia, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Nepal, Oman, Philippines, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Rwanda, Sudan, Sierra Leone, Turks and Caicos Islands, Chad, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Uzbekistan, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, Yemen, and Zambia

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:390037-1
WFO ID wfo-0000849805
COL ID GY2C
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 631389
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Arthraxon hispidus f. kobuna Arthraxon hispidus f. monticola Arthraxon hispidus f. quartinianus Arthraxon hispidus f. riukiuensis Arthraxon hispidus f. langsdorffii Arthraxon hispidus f. vriesii Andropogon alectoridia Andropogon amplexifolius Andropogon ciliaris Andropogon micans Arthraxon caucasicus Arthraxon centrasiaticus Arthraxon ciliaris Arthraxon coloratus Arthraxon cryptatherus Arthraxon glabrescens Arthraxon gracilis Arthraxon hookeri Arthraxon kobuna Arthraxon micans Arthraxon quartinianus Arthraxon violaceus Chilochloa hispida Lasiolytrum hirtum Lasiolytrum hispidum Phalaris hispida Pleuroplitis quartiniana Pleuroplitis violacea Sorghum ciliare Spodiopogon ciliaris Alectoridia quartiniana Andropogon lasiocoleus Arthraxon langsdorffii Arthraxon major Arthraxon mauritianus Arthraxon okamotoi Arthraxon pallidus Arthraxon pauciflorus Arthraxon plumbeus Leersia hispida Lucaea langsdorffiana Lucaea major Pollinia ciliaris Andropogon plumbeus Andropogon violaceus Arthraxon hispidus f. brevisetus Arthraxon hispidus f. centrasiaticus Arthraxon hispidus f. formosanus Arthraxon hispidus f. hispidissimus Arthraxon hispidus f. japonicus Arthraxon kobuna f. hispidissimus Arthraxon japonicum Arthraxon langsdorffianus Arthraxon lasiocoleos Batratherum micans Deyeuxia japonica Digitaria hispida Dimeria scrobiculata Lucaea gracilis Lucaea plumbea Lucaea violacea Lucaea vriesii Pleuroplitis caucasica Pleuroplitis centrasiatica Pleuroplitis langsdorffii Pleuroplitis major Pleuroplitis plumbea Arthraxon hispidus f. hispidus Batratherum plumbeum Arthraxon ciliaris subsp. langsdorffianus Arthraxon ciliaris subsp. langsdorfii Arthraxon ciliaris subsp. quartinianus Arthraxon ciliaris subsp. submuticus Arthraxon ciliaris subsp. vriesii Arthraxon ciliaris var. australis Arthraxon ciliaris var. centrasiaticus Arthraxon ciliaris var. coloratus Arthraxon ciliaris var. cryptatherus Arthraxon ciliaris var. glabrescens Arthraxon ciliaris var. gracilis Arthraxon ciliaris var. hookeri Arthraxon ciliaris var. quartinianus Arthraxon ciliaris var. tenellus Arthraxon cryptatherus subsp. submuticus Arthraxon cryptatherus var. centrasiaticus Arthraxon cryptatherus var. ciliaris Arthraxon cuspidatus var. micans Arthraxon hispidus subsp. caucasicus Arthraxon hispidus subsp. centrasiaticus Arthraxon hispidus subsp. ciliaris Arthraxon hispidus subsp. langsdorffii Arthraxon hispidus var. brevisetus Arthraxon hispidus var. centrasiaticus Arthraxon hispidus var. ciliaris Arthraxon hispidus var. cryptatherus Arthraxon hispidus var. hispidissimus Arthraxon hispidus var. hookeri Arthraxon hispidus var. japonicus Arthraxon hispidus var. macranthus Arthraxon hispidus var. microphyllus Arthraxon hispidus var. monticola Arthraxon hispidus var. muticus Arthraxon hispidus var. quartinianus Arthraxon hispidus var. vriesii Arthraxon kobuna var. hispidissimus Arthraxon langsdorffii var. centrasiaticus Arthraxon langsdorffii var. submuticus Arthraxon pauciflorus var. muticus Arthraxon quartinianus subsp. vriesii Arthraxon quartinianus var. caespitosus Arthraxon quartinianus var. glabrescens Arthraxon quartinianus var. monostachyus Arthraxon quartinianus var. tenella Pleuroplitis langsdorffii var. caucasica Pleuroplitis langsdorffii var. centrasiatica Pleuroplitis langsdorffii var. chinensis Pleuroplitis langsdorffii var. gacilis Pleuroplitis langsdorffii var. submutica Pleuroplitis quartiniana var. caespitosa Pleuroplitis quartiniana var. plumbea Pleuroplitis quartiniana var. tenella Pleuroplitis langsdorffii var. breviseta Arthraxon hispidus var. ciliaris Arthraxon hispidus var. vriesii Arthraxon hispidus var. hispidus Arthraxon quartinianus subsp. quartinianus Arthraxon quartinianus var. quartinianus Arthraxon ciliaris var. centrasiaticus Arthraxon hispidus