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Arundina graminifolia (D.Don) Hochr.

Bamboo orchid (en), Orchidée bambou (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Arundina

Characteristics

Plants 40-100(-150) cm tall. Stem rigid, enclosed by leaf sheaths. Leaves numerous, 8-20 × 1-2 cm, leathery or papery, apex acuminate; sheaths 2-4 cm. Inflorescence 2-20 cm, racemose or 1-or 2-branched at base and paniculate, 2-10-flowered, flowers opening in succession; floral bracts broadly ovate-triangular, 3-5 mm, sheathing at base. Flowers white or pink, sometimes slightly tinged with purple; pedicel and ovary 1.5-3 cm. Sepals narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, 25-40 × 7-9 mm. Petals ovate-elliptic, 25-40 × 13-15 mm; lip 25-40 × 12-24 mm, apical margin undulate; lateral lobes incurved, embracing column, rounded; mid-lobe subsquare, 8-16 × 10-16 mm, apex shallowly divided; disk with 3 (rarely 5) lamellae. Column slightly arcuate, 20-25 mm. Capsule 28-35 × 8-15 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun-Nov, sometimes Jan-Apr. 2n = 32, 38, 40, 42.
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Canes 1–3 m tall. Leaves grass-like, 100–200 × 8–15 mm, crowded, overlapping and stem-clasping at base. Inflorescences to 160 mm long, sometimes branching. Flowers 50–80 mm across, bright pink with a large purple labellum that has a prominent yellow or orange central blotch; sepals white or pale pink. Dorsal sepal erect or recurved. Lateral sepals projected forwards beside labellum. Labellum tubular at base, broadly flared towards apex which is notched. Column slender.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.4 - 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Occurs naturally in rainforest and mangroves but commonly colonises grassy embankments and disturbed sites.
Light 4-6
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

Cultivated ornamental.
Uses environmental use medicinal ornamental
Edible -
Therapeutic use Antirheumatic agents (rhizome), Antitoxins (rhizome), Contusions (rhizome), Hepatitis (rhizome), Pneumonia (rhizome), Snake bites (rhizome), Tracheitis (rhizome), Antirheumatic agents (whole plant), Antitoxins (whole plant), Contusions (whole plant), Hepatitis (whole plant), Pneumonia (whole plant), Snake bites (whole plant), Tracheitis (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Arundina graminifolia habit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Arundina graminifolia habit picture by Frederick Henderson (cc-by-sa)
Arundina graminifolia habit picture by Frederick Henderson (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Arundina graminifolia leaf picture by Hugo SANTACREU (cc-by-sa)
Arundina graminifolia leaf picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Arundina graminifolia leaf picture by Frederick Henderson (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Arundina graminifolia flower picture by Prasert Lakman (cc-by-sa)
Arundina graminifolia flower picture by Prasert Lakman (cc-by-sa)
Arundina graminifolia flower picture by Prokisanda (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Arundina graminifolia fruit picture by Frederick Henderson (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Arundina graminifolia world distribution map, present in Australia, Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Costa Rica, Fiji, Indonesia, Jamaica, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Moldova (Republic of), Myanmar, Nepal, Panama, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Réunion, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, United States of America, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003834-2
WFO ID wfo-0000282008
COL ID H2XY
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 629119
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Limodorum graminifolium Arundina bambusifolia Arundina chinensis Arundina densa Arundina densiflora Arundina meyenii Arundina speciosa Ophrys arundinacea Arundina maculata Arundina philippii Arundina pulchella Arundina sanderiana Bletia graminifolia Cymbidium meyenii Cymbidium speciosum Arundina pulchra Cymbidium bambusifolium Arundina chinensis var. major Arundina graminifolia var. chinensis Arundina speciosa var. sarasinorum Arundina graminifolia var. revoluta Arundina graminifolia

Lower taxons

Arundina graminifolia subsp. caespitosa Arundina graminifolia subsp. graminifolia
WorldFloraDB 2024