Asclepias curassavica L.

Tropical milkweed (en), Asclépiade de Curaçao (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Apocynaceae > Asclepias

Characteristics

Perennial herb, 0.4-1.0(-1.5) m high. Leaves opposite or 3-whorled; lamina lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, 60-100 x 8-20 mm, base cuneate, apex acute, brilliant green; petioles up to 15 mm long. Inflorescences: corymbose umbellate, 6-12(-20)-flowered; peduncle 35-75 mm long. Flowers: corolla lobes red, sharply reflexed, 7-9 x 4 mm; staminal column 6.8-8.0 mm high, noticeably stipitate by ± 2.7 mm long. Corona: lobes orange to yellow, cucullate, not laterally compressed, 3.5-4.0 mm high, 1.5 mm wide; upper proximal edge blunt (level with style-stigma-head), curving up into an acutely blunt distal end, overtopping style-stigma-head. Anther orbicular, incumbent on style-stigmahead. Follicles fusiform, 60-80 x 10-15 mm, apex acuminate, beaked, glabrous.
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Erect shrub to 1.5 m high. Leaves with petiole 3–20 mm long; lamina lanceolate-ovate, to 15 cm long, to 3 cm wide, attenuate to cuneate at base, acute; secondary veins 10–12 each side of midrib; colleters absent. Inflorescence umbelliform. Flowers c. 1 cm long, 1.5 cm diam.; pedicels 12–18 mm long. Corolla lobes reflexed, lanceolate, 8–8.5 mm long, 3.5–4 mm wide, orange-red. Staminal corona c. 4 mm long, yellow; lobes c. 3.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide. Follicles fusiform, 5–6 cm long, 8–10 mm diam.
puberulent. Flowers with the calyx green, hidden by the reflexed petals in the mature flower, 5-lobed, the lobes 2-3 mm long and 0.8-1 mm wide; corolla red to orange-red, lobes ovate to oblong, 4-7 mm long and 2-3 mm wide; corona segments erect, broadly ovate, 4-5 mm long, rounded or obtuse at the apex, exceeded by the conspicuous inner horns, bright yellow. Follicles erect, fusiform, slender, 8-10 cm long, 1-1.5 cm in diameter; seeds ca. 6 mm long, narrowly winged, with a white, silky coma.
Erect herb, 60-80 (-200) cm high, mostly simple-but sometimes multi-stemmed, green, glabrous or slightly pubescent on the younger parts. Leaves opposite, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, attenuate-acuminate, basally acute or attenuate, 5-16 cm long and 1-4 cm wide; blades thin, glabrous or glabrate; petioles 1-2 cm long. Inflorescence few-flowered, axillary; pedicels 1-2 cm long,
An erect small shrub. It grows 60-90 cm high. The leaves are 13 cm long. They are narrowly oval and taper at both ends. The flowers are in clusters at the ends of branches. These are 5-10 cm across. They are orange and red. The fruit are spindle shaped pods.
Umbelliform inflorescences of flowers scarlet reflexed corolla-lobes and yellow corona.
An erect, shrubby herb up to 5 ft. high
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.05 - 1.25
Mature height (meter) 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Occurs most frequently in pastures, wastelands and along roadsides at elevations from sea level to over 1,500 metres.
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It needs subtropical climates. It suits hardiness zones 8-11. In XTBG Yunnan. In Sichuan.
Light 6-8
Soil humidity 4-7
Soil texture 4-5
Soil acidity 2-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-11

Usage

Caution: The plant is poisonous. It is used to flavour tortillas in Mexico.
Uses animal food environmental use fiber food invertebrate food material medicinal ornamental poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use Antineoplastic agents (flower), Eye diseases (flower), Hemostatics (flower), Abdominal pain (leaf), Anthelmintics (leaf), Anti-bacterial agents (leaf), Antineoplastic agents (leaf), Cardiotonic agents (leaf), Dysentery (leaf), Gonorrhea (leaf), Hemorrhage (leaf), Hemorrhoids (leaf), Hypohidrosis (leaf), Anti-infective agents, local (plant exudate), Antineoplastic agents (plant exudate), Callosities (plant exudate), Warts (plant exudate), Wounds and injuries (plant exudate), Astringents (root), Bronchitis (root), Cathartics (root), Emetics (root), Gonorrhea (root), Hemorrhage (root), Hemorrhoids (root), Hemostatics (root), Neoplasms (root), Ulcer (root), Warts (root), Antineoplastic agents (stem), Adulterant (unspecified), Anthelminthic (unspecified), Astringent (unspecified), Cancer (unspecified), Caries (unspecified), Depurative (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Emetic (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Gonorrhea (unspecified), Headache (unspecified), Hemostat (unspecified), Leprosy (unspecified), Leucorrhea (unspecified), Pectoral (unspecified), Piles (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Purgative (unspecified), Rabies (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Sternutatory (unspecified), Styptic (unspecified), Sudorific (unspecified), Tuberculosis (unspecified), Venereal (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Vulnerary (unspecified), Wart (unspecified), Diaphoretic (unspecified), Hemostatic (unspecified), Poison(Veterinary) (unspecified), Tumor(Abdomen) (unspecified), Abdominal neoplasms (unspecified), Antiemetics (unspecified), Cardiotonic agents (unspecified), Contraceptive agents (unspecified), Heart diseases (unspecified), Hemorrhage (unspecified), Hemorrhoids (unspecified), Muscular diseases (unspecified), Nasopharyngeal neoplasms (unspecified), Neoplasms (unspecified), Anti-poisoning (unspecified), Tuberculosis, pulmonary (unspecified), Warts (unspecified), Abdominal neoplasms (whole plant), Anthelmintics (whole plant), Antitoxins (whole plant), Cathartics (whole plant), Emetics (whole plant), Gonorrhea (whole plant), Hemostasis (whole plant), Hemostatics (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It can be grown from seed or cuttings.
Mode cuttings divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 105
Germination temperacture (C°) 14 - 22
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) 1
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Asclepias curassavica habit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)
Asclepias curassavica habit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)
Asclepias curassavica habit picture by Shehadi Ramiz (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Asclepias curassavica leaf picture by Ortuño González Erik (cc-by-sa)
Asclepias curassavica leaf picture by roy cidrict (cc-by-sa)
Asclepias curassavica leaf picture by Rene (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Asclepias curassavica flower picture by james arnott (cc-by-sa)
Asclepias curassavica flower picture by David Rodriguez (cc-by-sa)
Asclepias curassavica flower picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Asclepias curassavica fruit picture by Augustin Soulard (cc-by-sa)
Asclepias curassavica fruit picture by Jacky Chan (cc-by-sa)
Asclepias curassavica fruit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Asclepias curassavica world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Argentina, American Samoa, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Burkina Faso, Bangladesh, Bahamas, Belize, Bermuda, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Barbados, Bhutan, Chile, China, Cameroon, Congo, Cook Islands, Colombia, Cabo Verde, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Cyprus, Dominica, Ecuador, Spain, Fiji, Micronesia (Federated States of), Guinea, Guadeloupe, Equatorial Guinea, Greece, Guatemala, French Guiana, Guam, Guyana, Honduras, Indonesia, India, Jamaica, Japan, Cambodia, Kiribati, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Saint Lucia, Sri Lanka, Morocco, Mexico, Marshall Islands, Malta, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Mozambique, Montserrat, Martinique, Malawi, Malaysia, Nicaragua, Nepal, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Portugal, Paraguay, Singapore, El Salvador, Sao Tome and Principe, Suriname, Seychelles, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Taiwan, Province of China, United States Minor Outlying Islands, United States of America, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:94213-1
WFO ID wfo-0000551246
COL ID H6BX
BDTFX ID 80066
INPN ID 446951
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Asclepias curassavica f. flaviflora Asclepias curassavica f. kentingensis Asclepias bicolor Asclepias aurantiaca Asclepias cubensis Asclepias curassavica var. concolor Asclepias nivea var. curassavica Asclepias curassavica f. pallidiflora Asclepias margaritacea Asclepias curassavica