Asclepias syriaca L.

Common milkweed (en), Herbe à ouate (fr), Herbe aux perruches (fr), Asclépiade de Syrie (fr), Asclépiade de Cornut (fr), Herbe à la ouate (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Apocynaceae > Asclepias

Characteristics

Colonial by roots; stems stout, 1–2 m, mostly simple, hairy; lvs thick, narrowly or broadly elliptic to ovate or oblong, 10–15 cm, acute or apiculate, soft-hairy beneath; petioles 5–15 mm; umbels often numerous, terminal and lateral, compactly many-fld; peduncles 3–10 cm; cor nearly purple to nearly green, its lobes 7–10 mm; hoods pale purple, somewhat divergent, 4–5 mm, surpassing the gynostegium, the lateral margins with a prominent, sharp, triangular lobe near the middle; horns short, inflexed; fr erect on deflexed pedicels, 7–12 cm, tomentose and beset with soft, filiform to conic processes; 2n=22. Fields, meadows, and roadsides; N.B. to Va. and n. Ga., w. to Man., Nebr., and Okla. June–Aug. (A. kansana) Native, the specific epithet in error.
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A herb that keeps growing from year to year. A plant that sprouts like asparagus. The shoots can be 1 m tall. It contains milky juice. The leaves are large and opposite or in rings. They are oblong and pointed at the tip. They are thick and leathery. The flowers occur in a cluster. They are purple. The fruit are pods that are pointed. They occur in pairs.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) 1.5
Mature height (meter) 1.0
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.4
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows in dry soil and along roadsides. It needs full sun. It is resistant to drought and frost. It suits hardiness zones 3-9.
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Thickets, roadsides, dry fields and waste places. Prairies and alluvial bottoms, spreading to meadows, fields, roadsides, and railways.
Light 5-8
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 3-5
Soil acidity 4-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 3-6

Usage

The young shoots and leaves are cooked as a vegetable. The pods are dried and used to flavour food. The young pods can also be cooked and used like okra. The flowers are used to make a sugar. The unopened flower buds are steamed and used like broccoli. The sprouted seeds are eaten.
Uses bee plant fiber food food additive invertebrate food material medicinal oil poison
Edible flowers gums leaves pods roots seeds shoots stems
Therapeutic use Gastrointestinal Aid (leaf), Contraceptive (rhizome), Analgesic (root), Venereal Aid (root), Gynecological Aid (root), Contraceptive (root), Other (root), Pulmonary Aid (root), Unspecified (root), Dermatological Aid (unspecified), Kidney Aid (unspecified), Laxative (unspecified), Urinary Aid (unspecified), Veterinary Aid (unspecified), Antirheumatic (External) (unspecified), Gynecological Aid (unspecified), Unspecified (unspecified), Alterative (unspecified), Asthma (unspecified), Bronchitis (unspecified), Cancer (unspecified), Cathartic (unspecified), Cicatrizant (unspecified), Cough (unspecified), Diaphoretic (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Dyspepsia (unspecified), Emetic (unspecified), Expectorant (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Medicine (unspecified), Mole (unspecified), Nervine (unspecified), Pleurisy (unspecified), Pneumonia (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Rheumatism (unspecified), Ringworm (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Wart (unspecified), Gonorrhea (unspecified), Wound (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed or cuttings.
Mode cuttings divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 23 - 60
Germination temperacture (C°) 20 - 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -40
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Asclepias syriaca habit picture by Rupert Lorenzer (cc-by-sa)
Asclepias syriaca habit picture by Em Po (cc-by-sa)
Asclepias syriaca habit picture by Dániel Sudár (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Asclepias syriaca leaf picture by lynn pitt (cc-by-sa)
Asclepias syriaca leaf picture by Pascal Lavanchy (cc-by-sa)
Asclepias syriaca leaf picture by Amy McCalister (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Asclepias syriaca flower picture by lynn pitt (cc-by-sa)
Asclepias syriaca flower picture by Dustin Schwanger (cc-by-sa)
Asclepias syriaca flower picture by Anthony Brookins (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Asclepias syriaca fruit picture by Kathy Neff (cc-by-sa)
Asclepias syriaca fruit picture by antigrafika (cc-by-sa)
Asclepias syriaca fruit picture by antigrafika (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Asclepias syriaca world distribution map, present in Austria, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Spain, France, Equatorial Guinea, Croatia, Hungary, Italy, Kyrgyzstan, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:94683-1
WFO ID wfo-0000551803
COL ID H6QS
BDTFX ID 7201
INPN ID 84251
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Asclepias syriaca f. syriaca Asclepias apocinum Asclepias grandifolia Asclepias illinoensis Asclepias serica Asclepias cornuti Asclepias globosa Asclepias intermedia Asclepias obtusifolia Asclepias pubigera Asclepias pubescens Asclepias capitellata Asclepias consanguinea Asclepias fragrans Asclepias syriaca f. inermis Asclepias syriaca f. leucantha Asclepias syriaca f. polyphylla Asclepias syriaca var. syriaca Asclepias syriaca