Barbarea intermedia Boreau

Medium flowered winter-cress (en), Barbarée intermédiaire (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Brassicales > Brassicaceae > Barbarea

Characteristics

Herbs biennial, 15-60 cm tall. Stems erect, angled, glabrous. Basal and lowermost cauline leaves petiolate; petiole 0.5-3(-4.5) cm, glabrous or ciliate; leaf blade 1.5-7 cm, lyrate-pinnatifid, with 1-4(-7) lobes on each side of midvein, not fleshy; lateral lobes oblong or ovate, 3-10(-15) × 1-5(-7) mm, entire or repand; terminal lobe ovate, considerably larger than lateral ones, 1-3 × 0.7-1.5 cm. Cauline leaves pinnatifid or pinnatisect, with 1-4 lateral lobes, entire, sessile, conspicuously auriculate; auricles ovate or narrowly oblong, to 10 × 5 mm, ciliate; lateral lobes linear to linear-oblong, to 2.5 × 0.5 cm, glabrous or ciliate, entire; terminal lobe obovate-oblong, larger than lateral lobes and to 4 × 1.5 cm, entire or repand or rarely dentate. Racemes ebracteate, elongated considerably in fruit. Sepals yellow, oblong, 2-3 × 1-1.3 mm, erect, margin scarious, lateral pair slightly saccate. Petals yellow, oblanceolate, rounded, 4-6 × 1-1.5 mm, attenuate to base. Filaments yellow, 3-4 mm; anthers oblong, ca. 1 mm. Fruiting pedicels erect or ascending, rarely divaricate, (2-)3-5 mm, terete or subquadrangular, glabrous, stout, slightly narrower than fruit. Fruit linear, (1-)1.5-3 cm × 1.5-1.8(-2) mm, terete or slightly compressed, torulose, erect to erect-ascending; gynophore to 0.5 mm; valves apex acute to subobtuse; style slender or slightly stout, 1-1.5 mm. Seeds brown, ovate to ovate-oblong, 1.2-1.7 × 1-1.2 mm, uniseriate, somewhat plump or slightly compressed, wingless. Fl. Jun-Jul, fr. Jul-Aug. 2n = 16.
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Biennial (? to short-lived perennial) herb with 1-few stems from the base.. Stem robust, erect or ascending, simple or with rather few ascending rigid branches, glabrous, 10–50 cm. high.. Rosette and lower cauline leaves petioled, lyrate-pinnatipartite, up to 12 cm. long; terminal lobe reniform, orbicular or broadly elliptic, entire to sparsely dentate; lateral lobes in 1–5 pairs, sessile, lanceolate, obtuse, 5–15 mm. long; upper cauline leaves sessile, auriculate, lyrate-pinnatipartite to-pinnatifid with 1-few pairs of lateral lobes and terminal lobe reniform, elliptic or rhomboid, often comprising 1/2–3/4 of the total leaf-length; all leaves glabrous or with sparsely ciliate margins and petioles.. Racemes ebracteate, rather dense, with numerous small flowers, in fruit dense but elongate, up to 20 cm. long; pedicels in fruit stiff, ascending, 4–6 mm. long, with ascending siliquae.. Sepals green, broadly elliptic, obtuse, 2–2.5 mm. long.. Petals yellow, spathulate, with rounded apex, 3–6 mm. long.. Anthers obtuse, ± 0.5 mm. long.. Siliqua linear to narrowly oblong, 9–25(–30) mm. long, (1.2–)2–3 mm. broad (in E. Africa when fully ripe at least 2.5 mm. broad), abruptly narrowed to the style, which is ± 1 mm. long, 0.5 mm. broad; stigma not broader than style; valves with distinct midnerve.. Seeds dark brown, spheroidal or flattened and oblong in outline, 1.2–1.5 mm. long, foveolate.. Fig. 17.
Glabrous or sparsely hairy biennial. Stems branched above, (20)-30-60 cm tall. Rosette lvs lyrate-pinnate, glabrous or sparsely hairy especially on petiole and margins, (5)-8-18-(25) × (1.5)-2-3-(4) cm; terminal lobe of oldest lvs ovate to oblong with cordate base, becoming narrower and less cordate on younger lvs; lateral lobes in (0)-2-5 pairs, < width of terminal lobe; margins entire or sinuate. Stem lvs becoming deeply pinnatifid with deflexed or amplexicaul lobes at base; terminal lobe narrowly ovate, cuneate or obovate, rather irregularly toothed or lobed or entire; lateral lobes in 1-4 pairs, linear. Raceme to 35 cm long; pedicels erecto-patent at fruiting, 3-5 mm long. Sepals glabrous, 2-3.5 × 1.5 mm. Petals 4.5-5-(6) × 1-1.5 mm. Silique erect to erecto-patent, 20-30-(40) × 1.5-2 mm; style 1-1.5 mm long.
Biennial herb to 60 cm tall, erect, glabrous. Basal leaves lyrate-pinnatisect with 2–5 pairs of lateral lobes, petiolate. Sepals erect to spreading, to 3 mm long. Petals 5–6 mm long. Siliqua linear, 10–30 mm long, c. 2 mm wide; style persistent, 1–1.5 mm long; pedicels erect, stout, 3–5 mm long. Seeds broadly elliptic, c. 2 mm long.
A cabbage family herb. It is an erect herb which keeps growing from year to year. It grows about 60 cm high. The lower leaves have 5-7 lobes. The end lobe is oval. The flowers are yellow. The fruit are long, narrow pods.
Life form biennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.2 - 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows from 3000-3500 m altitude in Nepal. It grows in moist rocky areas. Tasmania Herbarium.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture 1-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-9

Usage

The tender shoots and leaves are eaten as a green vegetable.
Uses gene source
Edible leaves shoots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 5 - 10
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -23
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Barbarea intermedia habit picture by Jenn (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Barbarea intermedia leaf picture by Krystian Zieliński-Czerczak (cc-by-sa)
Barbarea intermedia leaf picture by Jean-Marc Vessot (cc-by-sa)
Barbarea intermedia leaf picture by Pierre-Guy (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Barbarea intermedia flower picture by Stéphane Lemarois (cc-by-sa)
Barbarea intermedia flower picture by Pierre-Guy (cc-by-sa)
Barbarea intermedia flower picture by Miren Erroteta (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Barbarea intermedia fruit picture by Klaas Everards (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Barbarea intermedia world distribution map, present in Australia, China, France, and New Zealand

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:278866-1
WFO ID wfo-0000559999
COL ID KM5V
BDTFX ID 9142
INPN ID 85536
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Barbarea gautieri Barbarea perennis Barbarea pinnata Barbarea prostrata Crucifera media Campe intermedia Barbarea sicula var. prostrata Barbarea vulgaris subsp. intermedia Barbarea vulgaris var. transiens Barbarea intermedia