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A perennial herb with clumps of simple stems from a stout woody stock, stems up to 50 cm tall, 2-3 mm diam., sparsely and softly hairy, leafy throughout. Leaves sessile, all much the same size, or the uppermost sometimes distant, bract-like, linear or linear-lanceolate, up to 8 x 1.5 cm, but usually narrower, bristle-tipped, margins subrevolute with long (up to 1 cm) flexible bristles, upper surface with similar bristles near margins, otherwise glabrous or harshly pubescent, lower surface white-felted. Heads up to 8 cm across the expanded rays, terminal, solitary. Involucral bracts linear, up to 1.5 mm broad, tip and margins spiny, white-felted on the back. Rays and disc bright golden yellow or orange-yellow. Achenes c. 2.5 mm long, turbinate, sparsely or densely hairy. Pappus scales 2-3 mm long, more or less oblong, apex obtuse or subacute.
Perennial herb, 0.25-0.50 m high; from large woody rootstock; roots many, each with fusiform root tuber; stems 1-several, strictly erect or sometimes decumbent. Leaves sessile, linear or lanceolate, margins spinescent-denticulate, upper surface thinly araneose to glabrescent, scabridulous when dry, lower surface whitish tomentose. Capitula radiate, solitary and terminal on stem or branches; involucral bracts spreading, ± reflexed with age, outer and innermost shorter, linear. Receptacle with alveolae, margins paleaceous-setose. Ray florets yellow, lobes glandular outside. Disc florets: corolla limbs yellow, lobe apices glandular-tuberculate and somewhat thickened calloso-glandular. Flowering time Aug.-Dec. Pappus 2-seriate with 20 overlapping, oblanceolate, shiny stramineous scales. Cypselae turbinate, densely sericeous.
Perennial herb, up to 500 mm tall. Stems not winged. Leaves cauline, linear or linear-lanceolate, entire margin with long flexible bristles. Heads radiate. Flowers bright golden yellow or orange-yellow.
