Berkheya macrocephala J.M.Wood

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Berkheya

Characteristics

Herba perennis erecta rhizomate lignoso, 20-50 cm alta. Caulis simplex, pilis hyalinis (glanduliferis?) puberulus et ceterum saepe araneosus, foliatus. Folia alterna, basalia compluribus conferta, subrosulata, ambitu oblonga vel obovati-oblonga, basin versus ± in petiolum angustata, margine plana, profunde pinnatilobata vel pinnatifida lobis in cr. 10-12 iugis dispositis ± imbricatis ambitu subrotundis margine irregulariter dentatis dentibus in spinas 1-3 mm longas excurrentibus, praeterea in interstitiis spinulosis basin folii versus decrescentibus, petiolo incluso 20-40 cm longa, lobis inclusis 6-12 cm lata, supra et subtus pilis hyalinis glanduliferis brevibus obtecta, in sicco ± scaberula; folia caulina ± distantia internodiis cr. 4-10 cm longis, minora, sessilia, semiamplexicaulia vel amplexicaulia, inferiora leviter pinnatilobata ut basalia, sequentia indiyisa, spinosi-dentata, cordati-ovata vel oblonga, acuminata, indumento basalibus similia. Capitulum in apice caulis solitarium, radiatum, ligulls expansis 10-12 cm diam. Involucri squamae partim pilis glanduliferis minutis obtectae et leviter araneosae, ceterum glabrae, spinosi-acuminatae, exteriores lanceolatae vel lineari-lanceolatae, 5-8 mm latae, margine irregulariter spinosi-dentatae, sequentes sensim angustiores et denique lineari-subulatae, 1.5-2 mm latae, margine sparsius spinosae et denique inermes, mediae (3-)4-5 cm longae, ceterae breviores. Margines alveolarum receptaculi in dentes brevissimos productae. Achaenia cr. 1-1.5 mm longa, pilis sericeis dense obtecta. Pappi squamae subbiseriatae, cr. 10+10, anguste lanceolatae, acutae vel subacutae, denticulatae, cr. 3-5 mm longae.
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A rhizomatous perennial herb, flowering stems up to c. 50 cm tall, stout, lightly cobwebby, leafy. Leaves mostly radical, rosetted, spreading, up to 40 x 12 cm, oblong to elliptic in outline, narrowed to a petiole-like base, pinnatifid, lobes 10-12 each side, oblong, more or less imbricate, margins irregularly toothed, spinescent, both surfaces sparsely glandular-pubescent or nearly glabrous, stem leaves distant, up to 15 x 4 cm, decreasing in size upwards, lanceolate, lower pinnatifid, upper entire, sessile, base cordate, half-clasping, margins irregularly spinose-toothed. Beads c. 10 cm across the expanded rays, terminal, solitary. Involucral bracts oblong-lanceolate, up to 8 mm broad, tips and margins spiny, minutely and sparsely glandular-pubescent on the backs, sometimes thinly cobwebby as well. Rays and disc bright golden yellow. Achenes c. 1.5 mm long, turbinate, pilose. Pappus scales c. 3-5 mm long, lanceolate, acute.
Perennial herb, 0.2-0.5 m high; rhizomatous, lightly cobwebby, leafy. Leaves mostly radical, rosetted, spreading, oblong to elliptic in outline, narrowed to petiole-like base, pinnatifid, spinescent, both surfaces sparsely glandular-pubescent or nearly glabrous, margins irregularly spinose-toothed. Capitula terminal, solitary; involucral bracts oblong-lanceolate, apex and margins spiny, minutely and sparsely glandular-pubescent on the backs, sometimes also thinly cobwebby. Ray florets bright golden-yellow. Disc florets bright golden-yellow. Flowering time Nov.-Jan. Pappus of lanceolate, acute scales. Cypselae turbinate, pilose.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.35 - 0.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-10

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -12
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Berkheya macrocephala world distribution map, present in Lesotho and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:184583-1
WFO ID wfo-0000124267
COL ID LL8Z
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Berkheya macrocephala