Berkheya maritima J.M.Wood

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Berkheya

Characteristics

Herba perennis erecta, fide collect. cr. 1 m alta. Caulis in parte superiore ramosus, pilis hyalinis glanduliferis obtectus et ceterum araneosus vel tomentosus, glabrescens, foliatus et partibus supremis exceptis alatus. Folia alterna, ± coriacea, inferiora et media ambitu late lanceolata vel elliptica, basin versus ± in petiolum angustata, cr. 5-15 cm longa, 2-6 cm lata, spinosi-dentata dentibus triangulatis geminatis vel ternatis in 3-5 iugis dispositis in spinas 2-5 mm longas excurrentibus, in interstitiis spinulis minoribus dense ciliata, supra pilis hyalinis glanduliferis ± dense obtecta, in sicco scabra vel scaberula, ceterum interdum leviter araneosa, glabrescentia, subtus albidi-tomentosa; superiora sensim minora, sessilia, minus dentata et denique integerrima, suprema bracteiformia, ceterum inferioribus similia; omnia (supremis exceptis) decurrentia in alas cr. 1-5 mm latas spinosi-ciliatas. Capitula in inflorescentiam paniculatam vel subcorymbiformem disposita, radiata, ligulis expansis 3.5-5 cm diam. Involucri squamae patentes, extus tomentosae, intus subglabrae vel glabrae, lineari-lanceolatae, 1-2 mm latae, spinosi-acuminatae, margine spinis 1-2 mm longis geminatis in cr. 2-3 iugis dispositis obsitae, ceterum spinulis minoribus dense ciliatae, mediae 10-15 mm longae, ceterae breviores. Margines alveolarum receptaculi in setas stramineas 1-2 mm longas productae. Achaenia cr. 2 mm longa, glabra. Pappi squamae uniseriatae, cr. 10, oblongae, obtusae, apice denticulatae, cr. 0.5-0.8 mm longae, interdum ± in coronam connatae.
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A coarse perennial herb up to 2 m tall, stem stout, simple below branching above into the compound inflorescence, loosely white-cobwebby on the younger parts, beset with slender spines up to 7 mm long, narrowly winged, leafy. Leaves up to c. 15 x 7 cm, elliptic in outline, lowermost narrowed to a spiny, petiole-like base, upper sessile, all decurrent on the stem in narrow spiny wings, apex acute, spiny, margins deeply toothed, teeth paired or in threes, triangular, spine-tipped, margins with slender spines, upper surface thinly cobwebby at first, soon harshly puberulous, lower surface white-felted. Heads 3.5-5 cm across the expanded rays, paniculately or subcorymbosely arranged. Involucral bracts linear-lanceolate, up to 2 mm broad, tip and margins spiny, white-tomentose on the back. Rays and disc yellow. Achenes 2 mm long, turbinate, glabrous. Pappus scales less than 1 mm long, obtuse.
Coarse, perennial herb, up to ± 2 m high; stem stout, simple below branching above into the compound inflorescence, beset with slender spines, narrowly winged, leafy. Leaves elliptic in outline, lowermost narrowed to spiny, petiole-like base, upper sessile, apex acute, spiny, margins deeply toothed, teeth paired or in threes, triangular, spine-tipped, margins with slender spines. Capitula paniculately or subcorymbosely arranged; involucral bracts linear-lanceolate, tip and margins spiny, white-tomentose on the back. Ray florets yellow. Disc florets yellow. Flowering time Jan.-Mar. Pappus of obtuse scales. Cypselae turbinate, glabrous.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
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Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Berkheya maritima world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:184585-1
WFO ID wfo-0000015409
COL ID LL93
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Berkheya maritima