Berkheya robusta Bohnen ex Roessler

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Berkheya

Characteristics

Herba perennis erecta, fide collect. cr. 1-2 m alta. Caulis in parte superiore ramosus, pilis hyalinis glanduliferis obtectus, foliatus. Folia alterna, inferiora mihi ignota, superiora ambitu oblonga, sessilia, cr. 7-10 cm longa, 3-5 cm lata, leviter pinnatilobata lobis grosse spinosi-dentatis, in interstitiis spinis minoribus ciliata, supra pilis glanduliferis obtecta, in sicco scaberula, subtus, albidi-tomentosa. Capitula in apicibus ramorum solitaria, radiata, ligulis expansis cr. 5-7 cm diam. Involucri squamae patentes, pilis glanduliferis minutis ± densis obtectae et ceterum exteriores extus interdum leviter araneosae, spinosi-acuminatae, exteriores ovati-lanceolatae, 5-7 mm latae, margine spinis 2-4 mm longis plerumque geminatis divaricatis in 2-4 iugis dispositis obsitae, ceterum interdum paucis spinis minoribus ciliatae, sequentes sensim angustiores, lanceolatae, 2-3 mm latae et denique lineari-lanceolatae, 1-1.5 mm latae, margine sensim brevius et densius spinosi-ciliatae, mediae cr. 17-20 mm longae, ceterae paulum breviores. Margines alveolarum receptaculi in setas stramineas 1-2 mm longas productae. Achaenia cr. 1.5-2.5 mm longa, glabra. Pappi squamae uniseriatae, cr. 10, obtusae, apice denticulatae, cr. 0.8 mm longae, basi interdum ± connatae.
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Perennial herb, 1-2 m high; robust; stem single, erect, stout, shortly branched above, leafy, coarsely pilose-araneose. Leaves sessile, elliptic-oblong in outline, pinnatilobed, upper surface thinly araneose with scattered pilose hairs, becoming scabridulous when dry, lower surface whitish or greyish felted-tomentose. Capitula radiate, many, 2-several clustered at ends of short branches; involucral bracts with outer and inner ones thinly araneose; outer leaf-like, ovate-lanceolate and dentate to somewhat lobed with spine-tipped teeth. Receptacle: alveolate, margins extended into bristles. Ray florets yellow, shallowly 4-lobed at apex. Disc floret yellow, lobes glandular-tuberculate at apex. Flowering time Nov.-Jan. Pappus of uniseriate scales, connate at base, oblong. Cypselae narrowly turbinate, 4-or 5-angular, tapering and grooved to base, glabrous.
Leaves sessile, 7–16(20) x 3–6(10) cm., elliptic-oblong in outline, pinnatilobed; leaf and lobe apices strongly spine-tipped; margins entire or ± dentate, spinescent; bases semi-amplexicaul with coarsely-dentate spiny auricles, or the lower leaves narrowed to petiole-like bases, not decurrent; lobes mostly 3–6 on each side, ± spaced, triangular and entire or somewhat rounded or irregular in outline and coarsely dentate, the teeth aristate-spinose with spines to c. 6 mm. long; leaf upper surface thinly araneose with scattered pilose hairs, becoming scabridulous when dry, the lower surface whitish or greyish felted-tomentose.
Phyllaries mostly 14–22 x 4–8 mm., the outer and inner somewhat shorter, thinly araneose; the outer ± leaf-like, ovate-lanceolate and dentate to somewhat lobed with spine-tipped teeth, spines 2–4 mm. long and usually with a second patent spine at the base (phyllary spines paired), ciliate-spinescent between the spine-tipped teeth, succeeding inner phyllaries becoming linear-lanceolate with smaller spines.
Disk-floret corollas yellow, 8–10 mm. long, lobes glandular-tuberculate at the apex; achenes 2–3 mm. long, very narrowly turbinate, 4–5-angular, tapering and ± grooved to the base, glabrous; pappus scales 1-seriate, ± connate at the base, c. 1 mm. long, oblong.
Perennial herb, up to 2 m high. Stems not winged. Leaves mostly cauline, margins sinuate-pinnatilobate or pinnatifid, lower surface grey-or white-felted, sometimes merely glandular-pubescent. Heads radiate. Involucral bracts 5-7 mm broad. Flowers yellow.
Very like B. erysithales, but distinguished primarily by the outer involucral bracts being 5-7 mm broad, not 1-2(-3) mm broad as in B. erysithales. However, there is no clear cut discontinuity in the width of the involucral bracts.
Capitula radiate, numerous, 2-several clustered at the ends of short branches, radiate, c. 5–7 cm. in diam. across the expanded rays.
Stem single erect stout shortly-branched above, leafy, coarsely pilose-araneose.
Rays yellow, mostly 10–20 x 2–5 mm., shallowly 4-lobed at the apex.
Receptacle alveolae margins extended into bristles 1–2 mm. long.
A robust perennial herb 1–2 m. tall.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.0 - 2.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 7-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Berkheya robusta world distribution map, present in Mozambique, eSwatini, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:184622-1
WFO ID wfo-0000130138
COL ID 5WK4M
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Berkheya robusta