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A perennial herb with a stout woody stock, flowering stem central, solitary, up to 100 cm tall, simple below, commonly forking above to bear several heads on long peduncles, pubescent, upper part of stem nude or with a few reduced leaves or bracts. Leaves few, radical or subradical, blade up to 30 x 25 cm, but often only half that size, broadly lanceolate to broadly ovate, apex acute to rounded, base cuneate, truncate or cordate, sometimes decurrent on the petiole, petiole 2-30 cm long, margins entire, repand-sinuate or coarsely toothed, subspinescent, upper surface harshly pubescent, lower persistently cobwebby or white-felted, very rarely merely glandular-pubescent. Heads up to c. 7 cm across the expanded rays. Involucral bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate, up to 2 mm broad, tips and margins spiny, minutely glandular, sometimes cobwebby as well on the backs. Rays and disc bright yellow. Achenes c. 2 mm long, turbinate, glabrous or minutely pubescent. Pappus scales up to 3 mm long, narrowly obovate, obtuse.
Perennial herb, 0.6-1.0 m high; from woody rhizome with fusiform root tubers; stems single erect; branched above, coarsely pilose. Leaves mostly basal with 1-several smaller cauline leaves; basal leaves ascending-subrosulate, petiolate, ovate to lanceolate, apex subobtuse to rounded, margins subentire to repand-sinuate rarely dentate, irregularly spinose. Capitula radiate, solitary and terminal on branches or several clustered; involucral bracts linear-tapering, spinescent-ciliate on margins, pilose-araneose on back. Receptacle with alveolae, margins fimbriate-setose. Ray florets yellow. Disc florets many; yellow, darkly glandular at apex outside. Flowering time Aug.-Apr. Pappus 2-or 3-seriate, of narrow ± spathulate overlapping scales. Cypselae turbinate, 8-10-ribbed, glabrous or puberulous.
Leaf lamina mostly 6–30 x 3–18 cm., ovate to lanceolate, apex subobtuse to rounded, margins subentire to repand-sinuate rarely dentate, irregularly spinose with c. 2 mm. long spines interspersed with smaller marginal spines, base rounded to cordate, sometimes ± decurrent on the petiole; upper surface scattered pilose becoming rough with age; lower surface ± felted-tomentose.
Disk-florets numerous; yellow, 9–12 mm. long, darkly glandular at the apex outside; achenes c. 2 mm. long, turbinate, 8–10-ribbed, glabrous or puberulous; pappus 2–3-seriate, of narrow ± spathulate overlapping scales to c. 3 mm. long.
Phyllaries up to c. 20 mm. long, linear-tapering from a c. 2 mm. wide base to an apical spine, spinescent-ciliate on the margins with spines up to c. 11 mm. long, pilose-araneose on the back.
Petiole 2–30 cm. long, tapering-winged from the apex and spinescent sinuate-dentate, the wings reducing to setae 2–7 mm. long towards the petiole base.
Capitula radiate, solitary and terminal on the branches or several ± clustered, up to c. 7 cm. in diam. across the expanded rays.
Leaves mostly basal with 1-several smaller cauline leaves; basal leaves ascending-subrosulate, petiolate.
A perennial herb up to c. 100 cm. tall, from a woody rhizome with fusiform root tubers.
Stems annual single erect ± branched above, coarsely pilose.
Receptacular alveolae margins fimbriate-setose.
Rays yellow, mostly 15–25 x 2.5–4 mm.
