Bersama abyssinica Fresen.

Species

Angiosperms > Geraniales > Francoaceae > Bersama

Characteristics

Small to medium-sized tree (rarely shrubby) with smooth to rather rough, grey, brown or mottled bark.. Leaves up to 1 m. long, imparipinnate; rhachis wingless to very widely winged; leaflets up to 10–jugate, lanceolate to oblong or ovate-oblong, glabrous to hairy, often densely so beneath, 3.5–22 cm. long and 1–8 cm. wide, margins quite entire to sharply and conspicuously serrate.. Flowers creamy-white, yellowish or pink-tinged, especially in bud, in erect or rather drooping, long, glabrescent to hirsute racemes.. Disc Λ-shaped to annular-pentagonal.. Capsules reddish-pink; seeds bright red with yellow aril.. Fig. 1, p. 3.
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An evergreen tree. It grows 22 m high. The leaves have leaflets along the stalk. There are 5-10 pairs of leaflets and one at the end. The central stalk has wings. It can flower when only 3 m high. The flowers are in spike like groups. They are green to cream. The flowers have a scent. There are some subspecies. The fruit is a round velvety capsule. It splits into 4 valves. The seeds are bright red.
Leaves usually less than 50 cm. long, imparipinnate; rhachis not winged to broadly winged; leaflets 5–10-jugate, opposite, up to 14 × 5 cm., sessile or shortly petiolulate, very variable in shape, ovate or ovate-oblong to narrowly lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptic, apex acute to acuminate, margin entire to deeply serrate, base cuneate or rounded or rarely cordate, glabrous to densely hairy beneath.
Usually a small or medium-sized tree 6–12 m. tall, but sometimes a shrub c. 3 m. tall or a larger tree up to 25 m. tall.
Capsule yellowish or reddish, c. 2·5 × 2·5 cm., not rugose, tomentose at first, sometimes glabrescent.
Flowers creamy-white or yellowish or tinged with pink, subsessile or with pedicels up to 1 cm. long.
Seeds bright red with a yellow cup-shaped aril, c. 11 × 8 mm.
Calyx c. 6 mm. long, densely puberulous to tomentellous.
Petals 10–22 mm. long, tomentellous.
Disk ^-shaped to annular-pentagonal.
Racemes up to 35 cm. long.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality -
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 10.0 - 12.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in the lowlands. It grows near the edges of forests. It can grow in arid places. In Nigeria it is recorded up to 1,500 m above sea level
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Lowland bush savannah, gallery forests and montane forests, at elevations from sea-level up to 2,700 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Caution: The roots are poisonous and can kill. The fruit and leaves also contain poisonous compounds. The leaves are used as a flavouring in relishes and chutneys.
Uses animal food charcoal environmental use food fuel invertebrate food material medicinal poison social use wood
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Suicide (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Bersama abyssinica world distribution map, present in Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, South Sudan, Tanzania, United Republic of, and Uganda

Conservation status

Bersama abyssinica threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782127-1
WFO ID wfo-0000564438
COL ID LMHC
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Bersama engleri Bersama goetzei Bersama abyssinica Bersama chloroleuca Bersama erythrocarpa Bersama giuliarellii Bersama gracilipes Bersama hebecalyx Bersama holstii Bersama jaegeri Bersama kandtii Bersama ninagongensis Bersama gallensis Bersama integrifolia Bersama magnifica Bersama serrata Bersama volkensii Bersama abyssinica var. gracilipes Bersama abyssinica var. holstii Bersama abyssinica var. kandtii Bersama abyssinica var. ugandensis Bersama abyssinica var. usambarica Bersama abyssinica subsp. abyssinica Bersama coriacea Bersama suffruticosa Bersama ussanguensis

Lower taxons

Bersama abyssinica subsp. paullinioides Bersama abyssinica subsp. rosea