Berula Hoffm. ex Besser

Waterparsnip (en), Bérule (fr)

Genus

Angiosperms > Apiales > Apiaceae

Characteristics

Aquatic perennial. Leaves simply pinnate with numerous toothed leaflets, teeth pale-mucronate. Umbels numerous, compound, pedunculate, leaf-opposed; involucre and involucel conspicuous, of several linear and simple to toothed or dissected bracts and bracteoles. Flowers hermaphrodite. Calyx-teeth small but distinct. Petals white, emarginate above with an incurved acute lobule, glabrous. Fruit glabrous, slighdy laterally compressed, broadly ovoid to subglobose, mericarps narrowed to the commissure, subdidymous; primary ribs pale and conspicuous but scarcely at all raised, filiform; vittae deeply immersed beneath the thick spongy pericarp, not visible in surface view, in section quite large and abutting on to each other, forming a complete ring usually of ± 12–13 around the endosperm; stylopodia shortly conical, styles rather slender; carpophore adnate to the mericarps. Endosperm almost round in section to very obtusely pentagonal.
More
Herbs perennial, aquatic or semi-aquatic, glabrous throughout. Rhizomatous, root fibrous. Stem suberect, usually stoloniferous. Arial leaves 1-pinnate, submerged leaves more dissected. Umbels compound, usually opposite leaves; bracts and bracteoles several, oblong or lanceolate, margins membranous, usually reflexed. Calyx teeth subulate or triangular, caducous. Petals white, obovate, base short-attenuate, apex retuse with small inflexed lobule. Stylopodium conic; styles longer than the stylopodium, recurved. Fruit ovoid, subdidymous, slightly compressed laterally, glabrous; exocarp corky and slightly thickened; dorsal and intermediate ribs filiform, lateral ribs obscure; vittae numerous, small, forming a continuous band encircling the seed. Seed face plane. Carpophore 2-cleft to base.
Fr broadly ovate to orbicular, laterally flattened, constricted at the commissure, the outer wall thickened and corky, obscuring the very narrow ribs; oil-tubes very numerous, carpophore wanting; umbels compound, terminal and lf-opposed; involucre conspicuous, of narrow bracts; umbellets 1–2 cm wide; bractlets several, narrow, sep minute or none; pet white; stylopodium conic; fibrous-rooted aquatic perennials with once-pinnate lvs, the lfls ± incised. Only the following sp.
Fruit suborbicular, almost didymous, laterally depressed and somewhat constricted at the commissure; ribs poorly developed and not conspicuous, lateral ribs not marginal. Mericarps subpentagonal in section.
Flowers in compound umbels with well-developed bracts and bracteoles.
Petals broadly obcordate, with an inflexed point at the apex.
Robust glabrous herbs with pinnate leaves and hollow stems.
Sepals subulate-triangular, quite conspicuous.
Vittae deeply embedded in the mesocarp.
Carpophore adnate to the mericarps.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) -
Root system fibrous-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Berula unspecified picture

Distribution

Berula world distribution map, present in China and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39731-1
WFO ID wfo-4000004520
COL ID 39TJ
BDTFX ID 85991
INPN ID 189851
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Berula

Lower taxons

Berula thunbergii Berula bracteata Berula burchellii Berula imbricata Berula repanda Berula erecta