Betonica officinalis L.

Épiaire officinale (fr), Bétoine officinale (fr), Épiaire officinal (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Lamiaceae > Betonica

Characteristics

Plants rhizomatous. Stems 50-100 cm, striate, densely fine pilose. Petioles of stem leaves 4-7.5 cm; basal leaf blade broadly ovate, 8-12 × 3-5 cm, pilose, base deeply cordate, margin crenate, apex obtuse; stem leaf blade ovate, 4.5-5.5 × 3-4 cm, widely spaced. Spikes ca. 4 cm, compact, oblong; lower verticillasters sometimes ± widely spaced; basal floral leaves sessile, oblong-lanceolate, ca. 2.5 × 1 cm, margin dentate, apex acute; upper floral leaves linear, margin entire, ca. 6.5 mm; bracteoles ovate to linear, ca. 6.5 mm, abaxially puberulent, margin densely pilose, adaxially glabrous, apex rigidly acute. Flowers subsessile. Calyx ca. 6.5 mm, densely pilose; teeth narrowly triangular, ca. 2.5 mm, pilose. Corolla purple, ca. 1.2 cm, puberulent except for base outside; tube cylindric, ca. 8 mm; upper lip oblong, ca. 4 × 2.5 mm, emarginate, undulate; lower lip oblate, ca. 4 × 6 mm; middle lobe to 4 mm in diam., broadly ovate, undulate; lateral lobes ovate, ca. 1.5 mm wide. Stamens nearly included; filaments puberulent. Ovary black-brown, glabrous. Fl. May.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.35 - 0.8
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light 4-9
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-9

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal oil
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -