Betula glandulosa Michx.

Depressed or erect shrubs to 2 m, with close brown bark, the twigs and young lvs conspicuously dotted with resin-glands; lvs small, firm, obovate, varying to flabellate-obovate or rotund, roundly toothed, with mostly 3–5 pairs of lateral veins; petioles very minutely puberulent; fruiting catkins 1–2.5 cm; scales 2.5–4 mm, the lateral lobes ascending, or often widely divergent; frs broadly ovate to obovate, 1.2–2.5 × 1.5–2.3 mm, the body 1–1.5 mm wide. Bogs and wet alpine slopes and summits; widespread in boreal N. Amer., s. to the higher mts. of Me., N.H., and N.Y., and also to n. Ind., Minn., and the w. cordillera. Our ne. mt. plants, 2n=28, with small lvs 1–2(3) cm that lack long hairs, are var. glandulosa. The more w., less alpine plants, 2n=56 as in B. pumila, with the lvs avg larger (2–3 or even 5 cm) and ± pilose when young, are var. glandulifera (Regel) Gleason, on ecological and cytologic grounds perhaps better called B. pumila var. glandulifera Regel, but morphologically more like B. glandulosa.

Streambanks, marsh margins, lakes and bogs, also found on alpine slopes. Arctic and alpine tundra, acidic rocky slopes and barrens, muskegs, peat bogs, stream banks, open subalpine summits; at elevations up to 3,400 metres.

Can be grown by seedlings. Seeds needs stratification.